Structure & Function of the Body Ed 16 Patton Ch 4 Questions with Answers
tissues - correct answersGroups of cells with a common structure and function.
simple squamous - correct answerssingle layer of flattened cells that are scale-like; lining of blood and
lymphatic vessels; diffusion, filtration, and osmosis;
simple cuboidal - correct answerssingle layer of cells that are as tall as they are wide; glands, kidney
tubules; secretion, absorption
simple columnar - correct answerssingle layer of tall, narrow cells; taller than they are wide like a
column; surface layer of lining of stomach, intestines, parts of respiratory tract; protection, secretions,
transport (absorption)
stratified squamous - correct answersmany layers; named for the shape of cells in the outer layer;
outermost layer(s) are flattened cells; surface of skin (epidermis); protection
stratified transitional - correct answersmany layers of varying transitional shapes, capable of stretching;
tissue with cell shapes that change when the tissue is stretched; named for the shape of cells in the
outer layer; urinary bladder; protection
pseudostratified columnar - correct answerssingle layer of tall cells that wedge together to appear as if
there are two or more layers; named for the shape of cells in the outer layer; surface lining of trachea;
protection
epithelial tissue - correct answersforms sheets that cover or line the body; very little matric because the
cells are so closely connected to each other; form continuous sheets that contain no blood vessels
connective tissue - correct answersprovides structural and functional support; mostly matrix, with cells
few and far between; most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body; exists in more varied
forms than any other tissue type; found in skin, membranes, muscles, bones, nerves, and all internal
organs
muscle tissue - correct answerscontracts to produce movement; movement specialists of the body;
higher degree of contractility (ability to shorten or contract) than any other tissue cells; can maintain
, contraction to provide stability and body heat; slow to heal and often replaced by fibrous scar tissue if
injured; skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
nervous tissue - correct answerssenses, conducts, and processes information; provides rapid
communication between body structures to control body functions and maintain homeostasis; consists
of neurons and glia (neuroglia)
homeostasis - correct answersthe relative constancy of the internal fluid environment
matrix (extracellular matrix or ECM) - correct answersthe amount and kind of fluid material between
cells; location outside and between cells; like jelly, made up of mostly water with various interlocking
fibers that thicken it
collagen - correct answersa protein that forms microscopic twisted ropes within the matrix of many
tissues; give tissue flexible strength; strong but flexible fibrous protein
elastin - correct answerspresent in some tissues; rubbery quality of this protein gives tissue the ability to
stretch and rebound easily
epithelium - correct answersa sheet of epithelial tissue
exocrine - correct answersrelease their secretion through a duct
endocrine - correct answersrelease their secretion directly by diffusion into the bloodstream
basement membrane - correct answersglue-like membrane that lies under all epithelial cells
simple squamous epithelium - correct answersconsists of a single layer of very thin and irregularly
shaped cells; thinnest type of epithelium; well suited for rapid transport of substances across an
epithelial membrane; example - absorption of oxygen into the blood through epithelium that lines the
tiny air sacs in the lungs
tissues - correct answersGroups of cells with a common structure and function.
simple squamous - correct answerssingle layer of flattened cells that are scale-like; lining of blood and
lymphatic vessels; diffusion, filtration, and osmosis;
simple cuboidal - correct answerssingle layer of cells that are as tall as they are wide; glands, kidney
tubules; secretion, absorption
simple columnar - correct answerssingle layer of tall, narrow cells; taller than they are wide like a
column; surface layer of lining of stomach, intestines, parts of respiratory tract; protection, secretions,
transport (absorption)
stratified squamous - correct answersmany layers; named for the shape of cells in the outer layer;
outermost layer(s) are flattened cells; surface of skin (epidermis); protection
stratified transitional - correct answersmany layers of varying transitional shapes, capable of stretching;
tissue with cell shapes that change when the tissue is stretched; named for the shape of cells in the
outer layer; urinary bladder; protection
pseudostratified columnar - correct answerssingle layer of tall cells that wedge together to appear as if
there are two or more layers; named for the shape of cells in the outer layer; surface lining of trachea;
protection
epithelial tissue - correct answersforms sheets that cover or line the body; very little matric because the
cells are so closely connected to each other; form continuous sheets that contain no blood vessels
connective tissue - correct answersprovides structural and functional support; mostly matrix, with cells
few and far between; most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body; exists in more varied
forms than any other tissue type; found in skin, membranes, muscles, bones, nerves, and all internal
organs
muscle tissue - correct answerscontracts to produce movement; movement specialists of the body;
higher degree of contractility (ability to shorten or contract) than any other tissue cells; can maintain
, contraction to provide stability and body heat; slow to heal and often replaced by fibrous scar tissue if
injured; skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
nervous tissue - correct answerssenses, conducts, and processes information; provides rapid
communication between body structures to control body functions and maintain homeostasis; consists
of neurons and glia (neuroglia)
homeostasis - correct answersthe relative constancy of the internal fluid environment
matrix (extracellular matrix or ECM) - correct answersthe amount and kind of fluid material between
cells; location outside and between cells; like jelly, made up of mostly water with various interlocking
fibers that thicken it
collagen - correct answersa protein that forms microscopic twisted ropes within the matrix of many
tissues; give tissue flexible strength; strong but flexible fibrous protein
elastin - correct answerspresent in some tissues; rubbery quality of this protein gives tissue the ability to
stretch and rebound easily
epithelium - correct answersa sheet of epithelial tissue
exocrine - correct answersrelease their secretion through a duct
endocrine - correct answersrelease their secretion directly by diffusion into the bloodstream
basement membrane - correct answersglue-like membrane that lies under all epithelial cells
simple squamous epithelium - correct answersconsists of a single layer of very thin and irregularly
shaped cells; thinnest type of epithelium; well suited for rapid transport of substances across an
epithelial membrane; example - absorption of oxygen into the blood through epithelium that lines the
tiny air sacs in the lungs
