Pathophysiology Final Exam Questions with 100%
Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025
What is allergic asthma associated with? - Correct Answer Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? - Correct Answer SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli close),
Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? - Correct Answer Pressure that builds up and pushes
the trachea towards the unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? - Correct Answer Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and pancreas; Genetic
Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: - Correct Answer Wheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea,
Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? - Correct Answer 1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) more than 26 (alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - Correct Answer Elevation (increase) of pCO2 --
Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - Correct Answer Depression (decrease) of
pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - Correct Answer Depression (decrease) of
HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - Correct Answer Elevation (increase) of HCO3
-- Increased pH (alkalosis)
, What are signs of renal cancer? - Correct Answer No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal disease? - Correct Answer Dialysis, Fluid Restriction, Low
Protein Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements, Give
Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? - Correct Answer Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine renal function? - Correct Answer Creatinine
What bacteria is associated with acute pyelonephritis? - Correct Answer E. coli
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney failure? - Correct Answer Hypovolemia - Give Fluids
What causes acute intrarenal failure? - Correct Answer Kidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal Ischemia
What do we see associated with SIADH? - Correct Answer Fluid Retention (edema), Crackles in Lungs,
Hypertension, Decreased Sodium (diluted)
What causes myxedema coma? - Correct Answer Hypothyroidism
What is the main underlying condition for Type I and Type II Diabetes? - Correct Answer Impaired
Glucose Transport
What is the difference between Type I and Type II Diabetes? - Correct Answer Type I - Complete lack
of insulin (Hyperglycemia)
Type II - Insulin resistance on the cells
What would we see with hypoparathyroidism? - Correct Answer Decrease of Calcium (softer bones),
Positive Chvostek's Sign, Tetany/Hyperactivity of Muscles/Tremors
What is the therapy for Type I Diabetes? - Correct Answer Give Insulin
Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025
What is allergic asthma associated with? - Correct Answer Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? - Correct Answer SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli close),
Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? - Correct Answer Pressure that builds up and pushes
the trachea towards the unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? - Correct Answer Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and pancreas; Genetic
Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: - Correct Answer Wheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea,
Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? - Correct Answer 1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) more than 26 (alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - Correct Answer Elevation (increase) of pCO2 --
Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - Correct Answer Depression (decrease) of
pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - Correct Answer Depression (decrease) of
HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - Correct Answer Elevation (increase) of HCO3
-- Increased pH (alkalosis)
, What are signs of renal cancer? - Correct Answer No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal disease? - Correct Answer Dialysis, Fluid Restriction, Low
Protein Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements, Give
Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? - Correct Answer Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine renal function? - Correct Answer Creatinine
What bacteria is associated with acute pyelonephritis? - Correct Answer E. coli
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney failure? - Correct Answer Hypovolemia - Give Fluids
What causes acute intrarenal failure? - Correct Answer Kidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal Ischemia
What do we see associated with SIADH? - Correct Answer Fluid Retention (edema), Crackles in Lungs,
Hypertension, Decreased Sodium (diluted)
What causes myxedema coma? - Correct Answer Hypothyroidism
What is the main underlying condition for Type I and Type II Diabetes? - Correct Answer Impaired
Glucose Transport
What is the difference between Type I and Type II Diabetes? - Correct Answer Type I - Complete lack
of insulin (Hyperglycemia)
Type II - Insulin resistance on the cells
What would we see with hypoparathyroidism? - Correct Answer Decrease of Calcium (softer bones),
Positive Chvostek's Sign, Tetany/Hyperactivity of Muscles/Tremors
What is the therapy for Type I Diabetes? - Correct Answer Give Insulin
