NURS 345 Exam 2 Questions and
Solutions
What types of drugs are used to treat depression? ✅SSRIs, MAOIs and TCAs
What are the most commonly used SSRIs? ✅-escitalopram (Lexapro & Cipralex)
-fluoxetine (Prozac)
-fluvoxamine (Luvox)
-citalopram (Celexa)
-sertraline (Zoloft)
-duloxetine (Cymbalta)
-paroxetin (Paxil)
What are SSRIs used to treat? ✅Depression
Anxiety
PTSD
What are adverse reactions of SSRIs? ✅Insomnia
Nervousness
Sexual dysfunction
Weight gain
Hyponatremia (older adults)
Serotonin Syndrome
Hypertensive crisis if combined w MAOI
What are the signs and symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome? ✅Think SHIVERS
Shivering
Hyperreflexia
Increased temp/Insomnia
Vital sign instability
Encephalepothy (Altered mental state)
Restlessness
Sweating
What patient teaching should be provided for SSRIs? ✅-Report signs of Serotonin
Syndrome (stop drug & call provider)
-Don't stop abruptly otherwise
-Take in the mornings
-Report nervousness, insomnia and sexual disfunction
-Avoid ibuprofen
-Eat healthy & exercise
-Increased risk of suicide
-Can take up to 4-6 weeks to work
, What are contraindications of SSRIs? ✅-taking MAOIs within 2 weeks increases risk of
serotonin syndrome
-Children < 7 YO
-Diabetics bc it can decrease glucose control
-Increases levels of tricyclics and lithium
What are Typical Antipsychotics used to treat? ✅Schizophrenia (positive symptoms
only)
Schizoaffective
Manic phases of bipolar
Substance and medication induced psychosis
-quick fix for mania
What are common Typical Antipsychotics? ✅-chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
-haloperidol (Haldol)
-fluphenazine (Modecate)
What are adverse effects of Typical Antipsychotics? ✅Extrapyramidal effects
-Akathisia
-Pseudoparkinsonism
-Tardive dyskinesia
-Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Anticholinergic effects
Sexual dysfunction
Severe dysrhythmias
Photosensitivity
What patient education should be provided for Typical Antipsychotics? ✅-Report
symptoms of akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic
malignant syndrome
-Report palpitations, fainting, and sudden fevers
-chew gum or suck on hard candies to treat dry mouth
-increase fluid and fiber to prevent constipation
-urinate just before taking
-use sunscreen and sunglasses
What are contraindications for Typical Antipsychotics? ✅-Individuals w alcohol
withdrawal, bone marrow suppression, CNS depression
-Pregnancy and lactation
-caution w COPD, glaucoma, DM, HTN, Prostatic hypertrophy
What is akathisia? (symptoms, occurrence, treatment) ✅restlessness and
uncontrollable need for constant motion
-develops w/in 2 months of therapy
-treated with:
Solutions
What types of drugs are used to treat depression? ✅SSRIs, MAOIs and TCAs
What are the most commonly used SSRIs? ✅-escitalopram (Lexapro & Cipralex)
-fluoxetine (Prozac)
-fluvoxamine (Luvox)
-citalopram (Celexa)
-sertraline (Zoloft)
-duloxetine (Cymbalta)
-paroxetin (Paxil)
What are SSRIs used to treat? ✅Depression
Anxiety
PTSD
What are adverse reactions of SSRIs? ✅Insomnia
Nervousness
Sexual dysfunction
Weight gain
Hyponatremia (older adults)
Serotonin Syndrome
Hypertensive crisis if combined w MAOI
What are the signs and symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome? ✅Think SHIVERS
Shivering
Hyperreflexia
Increased temp/Insomnia
Vital sign instability
Encephalepothy (Altered mental state)
Restlessness
Sweating
What patient teaching should be provided for SSRIs? ✅-Report signs of Serotonin
Syndrome (stop drug & call provider)
-Don't stop abruptly otherwise
-Take in the mornings
-Report nervousness, insomnia and sexual disfunction
-Avoid ibuprofen
-Eat healthy & exercise
-Increased risk of suicide
-Can take up to 4-6 weeks to work
, What are contraindications of SSRIs? ✅-taking MAOIs within 2 weeks increases risk of
serotonin syndrome
-Children < 7 YO
-Diabetics bc it can decrease glucose control
-Increases levels of tricyclics and lithium
What are Typical Antipsychotics used to treat? ✅Schizophrenia (positive symptoms
only)
Schizoaffective
Manic phases of bipolar
Substance and medication induced psychosis
-quick fix for mania
What are common Typical Antipsychotics? ✅-chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
-haloperidol (Haldol)
-fluphenazine (Modecate)
What are adverse effects of Typical Antipsychotics? ✅Extrapyramidal effects
-Akathisia
-Pseudoparkinsonism
-Tardive dyskinesia
-Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Anticholinergic effects
Sexual dysfunction
Severe dysrhythmias
Photosensitivity
What patient education should be provided for Typical Antipsychotics? ✅-Report
symptoms of akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic
malignant syndrome
-Report palpitations, fainting, and sudden fevers
-chew gum or suck on hard candies to treat dry mouth
-increase fluid and fiber to prevent constipation
-urinate just before taking
-use sunscreen and sunglasses
What are contraindications for Typical Antipsychotics? ✅-Individuals w alcohol
withdrawal, bone marrow suppression, CNS depression
-Pregnancy and lactation
-caution w COPD, glaucoma, DM, HTN, Prostatic hypertrophy
What is akathisia? (symptoms, occurrence, treatment) ✅restlessness and
uncontrollable need for constant motion
-develops w/in 2 months of therapy
-treated with:
