NSG 233 HESI FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2024
What should you assess in SCI & Why?
patient's breathing pattern and the strength of the cough are assessed, and the
lungs are auscultated, because paralysis of the diaphragm
Why may reduce excursion of the chest result?
in addition to abdominal and respiratory muscles, diminishes coughing and makes
clearing of bronchial and pharyngeal secretions difficult
What is the patient closely monitored for in SCI
any changes in motor or sensory function and for symptoms of progressive
neurologic damage.
Why is the patient assessed for spinal shock?
a complete loss of all reflex, motor, sensory, and autonomic activity below the
level of the lesion that causes bladder paralysis and distention.
Why is the abdomen palpated in SCI
for signs of urinary retention and overdistention of the bladder
,Why do we monitor temperature in SCI? & What is it due to?
because the patient may have periods of hyperthermia as a result of altered
temperature control, which is due to the inability to perspire related to
autonomic disruption
Cardiac arrythmia PVCS?
are abnormal heartbeats that originate from the ventricles rather than the normal
pacemaker of the heart, the sinoatrial (SA) node
S/S Of pvcs?
palpitations, a pounding sensation in the chest, or a fluttering feeling in the chest
What happens if PVCS are frequent?
if they are frequent and symptomatic, treatment may include medications such as
beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, or antiarrhythmic drugs. In some cases,
procedures such as catheter ablation may be considered
HIV CD4 count- pathology? Importance of the cells?
,An HIV CD4 count is a laboratory test that measures the number of CD4 T-cells in
a patient's blood.These cells play a crucial role in the immune system and are
targeted by the HIV virus
What info does the HIV count provide? What does it monitor?
provides information about the status of a patient's immune system and helps to
guide treatment decisions. It is used to monitor the progression of the disease
and the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy
What does a low CD4 count indicate?
A low CD4 count indicates that a patient's immune system is severely
compromised, making them more vulnerable to opportunistic infections and
other complications associated with HIV.
What are the common sources of poisoning in the home?
pesticides, medications, carbon monoxide, and lead
poisoning s/s
nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, confusion, seizures, and respiratory distress
What should you do in a poisoning situation?
, call the Poison Control Center or emergency services immediately. Do not induce
vomiting unless instructed to do so by a medical professional
AIDS- dementia
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), is a neurological disorder that
affects individuals with advanced HIV infection.
Aids demention s/s
cognitive impairment, memory loss, difficulty with speech and motor skills, and
behavioral changes
Aids-demention tx?
antiretroviral therapy to control the underlying HIV infection, as well as
medications to manage the symptoms of the neurological disorder
Heat stroke
a medical emergency that occurs when the body's temperature regulation system
fails, resulting in a dangerously high body temperature.
LATEST 2024
What should you assess in SCI & Why?
patient's breathing pattern and the strength of the cough are assessed, and the
lungs are auscultated, because paralysis of the diaphragm
Why may reduce excursion of the chest result?
in addition to abdominal and respiratory muscles, diminishes coughing and makes
clearing of bronchial and pharyngeal secretions difficult
What is the patient closely monitored for in SCI
any changes in motor or sensory function and for symptoms of progressive
neurologic damage.
Why is the patient assessed for spinal shock?
a complete loss of all reflex, motor, sensory, and autonomic activity below the
level of the lesion that causes bladder paralysis and distention.
Why is the abdomen palpated in SCI
for signs of urinary retention and overdistention of the bladder
,Why do we monitor temperature in SCI? & What is it due to?
because the patient may have periods of hyperthermia as a result of altered
temperature control, which is due to the inability to perspire related to
autonomic disruption
Cardiac arrythmia PVCS?
are abnormal heartbeats that originate from the ventricles rather than the normal
pacemaker of the heart, the sinoatrial (SA) node
S/S Of pvcs?
palpitations, a pounding sensation in the chest, or a fluttering feeling in the chest
What happens if PVCS are frequent?
if they are frequent and symptomatic, treatment may include medications such as
beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, or antiarrhythmic drugs. In some cases,
procedures such as catheter ablation may be considered
HIV CD4 count- pathology? Importance of the cells?
,An HIV CD4 count is a laboratory test that measures the number of CD4 T-cells in
a patient's blood.These cells play a crucial role in the immune system and are
targeted by the HIV virus
What info does the HIV count provide? What does it monitor?
provides information about the status of a patient's immune system and helps to
guide treatment decisions. It is used to monitor the progression of the disease
and the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy
What does a low CD4 count indicate?
A low CD4 count indicates that a patient's immune system is severely
compromised, making them more vulnerable to opportunistic infections and
other complications associated with HIV.
What are the common sources of poisoning in the home?
pesticides, medications, carbon monoxide, and lead
poisoning s/s
nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, confusion, seizures, and respiratory distress
What should you do in a poisoning situation?
, call the Poison Control Center or emergency services immediately. Do not induce
vomiting unless instructed to do so by a medical professional
AIDS- dementia
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), is a neurological disorder that
affects individuals with advanced HIV infection.
Aids demention s/s
cognitive impairment, memory loss, difficulty with speech and motor skills, and
behavioral changes
Aids-demention tx?
antiretroviral therapy to control the underlying HIV infection, as well as
medications to manage the symptoms of the neurological disorder
Heat stroke
a medical emergency that occurs when the body's temperature regulation system
fails, resulting in a dangerously high body temperature.
