Pathophysiology: Exam 1 University of South
Alabama Questions with Correct Answers
Etiology - Correct Answer Cause(s) for disease or condition
idiopathic - Correct Answer disease or disorder w/ unknown cause
iatrogenic - Correct Answer a disease or disorder acquired as a result of a physician's words or
actions.
risk factors - Correct Answer characteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a
medical disorder or disease
Pathophysiology - Correct Answer the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body
Clinical Manifestations - Correct Answer signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
symptom is subjective; reported by the individual
sign is objective; examinations, lab work, x-rays/imaging
diagnosis - Correct Answer Identification of an injury or disease; how do you know what's wrong?
treatment - Correct Answer steps applied toward recovery; what will you do about it?
latent period (incubation period) - Correct Answer the time elapsed from being exposed; NO signs or
symptoms
prodromal period - Correct Answer short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms such as
headaches or fatigue
acute phase (manifest illness) - Correct Answer biggest point of symptoms
subclinical stage of disease - Correct Answer patient functions normally; disease processes are well
established (symptoms don't show; too much damage)
,Acute or chronic - Correct Answer Happening now; ex: I fell out and had a heart attack
Chronic means ongoing condition/no cure
exacerbations and remissions - Correct Answer Exacerbations- really bad flare up
Remissions- little to NO flare ups
sequela - Correct Answer abnormal condition or complication that is caused by the original disease
and remains after the original disease has resolved
ex; having a stroke can cause you to be weak on one side, blindness, etc
factors affecting disease - Correct Answer age, gender, genetics, culture
primary prevention - Correct Answer prevention of a disease
ex; improved nutrition, immunizations, safety precautions
secondary prevention - Correct Answer early detection of disease
ex; physical exams or routine screenings
tertiary prevention - Correct Answer treatment of disease
ex; surgery or rehabilitation
function of plasma membrane - Correct Answer to regulate what goes into and out of the cell,
separates inside fluid from outside fluid
what happens if the plasma membrane is injured? - Correct Answer ...
what provides most of the membranes functions? - Correct Answer member proteins
member proteins transport charged ions in and out (look at it as a gate that opens up and down)
How do large molecules cross the membrane? - Correct Answer endocytosis of plasma membrane
, Two types of endocytosis: Pinocytosis - cellular drinking Phagocytosis - cellular eating
function of sodium potassium pump - Correct Answer controls solute concentration;
LOW sodium inside cell (more sodium OUTSIDE)
HIGH potassium outside (low potassium INSIDE)
is energy (atp) required for the sodium potassium pump? - Correct Answer yes
function of mitochondria - Correct Answer Powerhouse of the cell, cellular respiration
aerobic metabolism - Correct Answer Happens inside of the mitochondria
*Requires oxygen*
anerobic metabolism - Correct Answer when glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen and it
yields only 2 ATP; also called glycolysis
happens outside of mitochondria
What are free radicals? - Correct Answer unstable oxygen-containing molecules that can damage the
cells of the body and possibly contribute to the increased risk of chronic diseases; also called
OXIDANTS
what will counteract a free radical? - Correct Answer ANTIOXIDANTS such as vitamins A, E, C, and
beta-carotene
function of lysomes - Correct Answer digestive enzyme; Digests worn out cell parts
WBC's contain many lysomes
what do ribosomes manufacture? - Correct Answer protein synthesis in cells; commands directed by
the nucleus
What houses the DNA of a cell? - Correct Answer nucleus
Alabama Questions with Correct Answers
Etiology - Correct Answer Cause(s) for disease or condition
idiopathic - Correct Answer disease or disorder w/ unknown cause
iatrogenic - Correct Answer a disease or disorder acquired as a result of a physician's words or
actions.
risk factors - Correct Answer characteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a
medical disorder or disease
Pathophysiology - Correct Answer the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body
Clinical Manifestations - Correct Answer signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
symptom is subjective; reported by the individual
sign is objective; examinations, lab work, x-rays/imaging
diagnosis - Correct Answer Identification of an injury or disease; how do you know what's wrong?
treatment - Correct Answer steps applied toward recovery; what will you do about it?
latent period (incubation period) - Correct Answer the time elapsed from being exposed; NO signs or
symptoms
prodromal period - Correct Answer short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms such as
headaches or fatigue
acute phase (manifest illness) - Correct Answer biggest point of symptoms
subclinical stage of disease - Correct Answer patient functions normally; disease processes are well
established (symptoms don't show; too much damage)
,Acute or chronic - Correct Answer Happening now; ex: I fell out and had a heart attack
Chronic means ongoing condition/no cure
exacerbations and remissions - Correct Answer Exacerbations- really bad flare up
Remissions- little to NO flare ups
sequela - Correct Answer abnormal condition or complication that is caused by the original disease
and remains after the original disease has resolved
ex; having a stroke can cause you to be weak on one side, blindness, etc
factors affecting disease - Correct Answer age, gender, genetics, culture
primary prevention - Correct Answer prevention of a disease
ex; improved nutrition, immunizations, safety precautions
secondary prevention - Correct Answer early detection of disease
ex; physical exams or routine screenings
tertiary prevention - Correct Answer treatment of disease
ex; surgery or rehabilitation
function of plasma membrane - Correct Answer to regulate what goes into and out of the cell,
separates inside fluid from outside fluid
what happens if the plasma membrane is injured? - Correct Answer ...
what provides most of the membranes functions? - Correct Answer member proteins
member proteins transport charged ions in and out (look at it as a gate that opens up and down)
How do large molecules cross the membrane? - Correct Answer endocytosis of plasma membrane
, Two types of endocytosis: Pinocytosis - cellular drinking Phagocytosis - cellular eating
function of sodium potassium pump - Correct Answer controls solute concentration;
LOW sodium inside cell (more sodium OUTSIDE)
HIGH potassium outside (low potassium INSIDE)
is energy (atp) required for the sodium potassium pump? - Correct Answer yes
function of mitochondria - Correct Answer Powerhouse of the cell, cellular respiration
aerobic metabolism - Correct Answer Happens inside of the mitochondria
*Requires oxygen*
anerobic metabolism - Correct Answer when glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen and it
yields only 2 ATP; also called glycolysis
happens outside of mitochondria
What are free radicals? - Correct Answer unstable oxygen-containing molecules that can damage the
cells of the body and possibly contribute to the increased risk of chronic diseases; also called
OXIDANTS
what will counteract a free radical? - Correct Answer ANTIOXIDANTS such as vitamins A, E, C, and
beta-carotene
function of lysomes - Correct Answer digestive enzyme; Digests worn out cell parts
WBC's contain many lysomes
what do ribosomes manufacture? - Correct Answer protein synthesis in cells; commands directed by
the nucleus
What houses the DNA of a cell? - Correct Answer nucleus
