Instructor’smManualmformFinancialmManagementmformPublic,mHealth,mandmNot-for-
ProfitmOrganizations1,
SOLUTIONS MANUAL for Financial Management for Pub
m m m m m m
lic Health, and Not-for-
m m m
Profit Organizations 7th Edition by Steven Finkler, Thad Ca
m m m m m m m m
labrese, (Complete 15 Chapters)
m m m
,Chapterm3:m Additionalm Budgetingm Conc 3-2
epts
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 m TO
FINANCIAL M
m m
ANAGEMENT
QuestionsmformDiscussion
1-
1.mFinancialmmanagementmismthemsubsetmofmmanagementmthatmfocusesmonmgeneratingmfinancial
minformationmthatmcanmimprovemdecisions.mThemdecisionsmaremorientedmtowardmachievingmthem
variousmgoalsmofmthemorganizationmwhilemmaintainingmamsatisfactorymfinancialmsituation.mFinanci
almmanagementmencompassesmthembroadmareasmofmaccountingmandmfinance.
1-2.mInmproprietary,mormfor-
profit,morganizations,manmunderlyingmgoalmismtommaximizemthemwealthmofmthemownersmofmthemo
rganization.
1-
3.mInmpublicmservicemorganizations,mdecisionsmaremorientedmtowardmachievingmthemvariousmgoal
smofmthemorganizationmwhilemmaintainingmamsatisfactorymfinancialmsituation.
1-
4.mAccountingmismamsystemmformkeepingmtrackmofmthemfinancialmstatusmofmanmorganizationmand
mthemfinancialmresultsmofmitsmactivities.mItmhasmoftenmbeenmreferredmtomasmthemlanguagemofmbus
iness.mThemvocabularymusedmbymaccountingmismthemlanguagemofmnonbusinessmorganizationsmasm
well.
1-
5.mAccountingmismsubdividedmintomtwommajormareas:mmanagerialmaccountingmandmfinancialmac
counting.mManagerialmaccountingmrelatesmtomgeneratingmanymfinancialminformationmthatmmanage
rsmcanmusemtomimprovemthemfuturemresultsmofmthemorganization.mThismincludesmtechniquesmdesi
gnedmtomgeneratemanymfinancialmdatamthatmmightmhelpmmanagersmmakemmoremeffectivemdecisio
ns.mMajormaspectsmofmmanagerialmaccountingmrelatemtommakingmfinancialmplansmformthemorgani
zation,mimplementingmthosemplans,mandmthenmworkingmtomensuremthatmthemplansmaremachieved.m
Somemexamplesmofmmanagerialmaccountingmincludempreparingmannualmoperatingmbudgets,mgener
atingminformationmformuseminmmakingmmajorminvestmentmdecisions,mandmprovidingmthemdatamne
ededmtomdecidemwhethermtombuymormleasemammajormpiecemofmequipment.mFinancialmaccountingm
providesmretrospectiveminformation.mAsmeventsmthatmhavemfinancialmimplicationsmoccurmtheymar
emrecordedmbymthemfinancialmaccountingmsystem.m Frommtimemtomtimem(usuallymmonthly,mquart
erly,mormannually),mthemrecordedmdatamaremsummarizedmandmreportedmtominterestedmusers.mThem
usersmincludembothminternalmmanagersmandmpeoplemoutsidemthemorganization.mThosemoutsidersmi
ncludemthosemwhomhavemlentmormmightmlendmmoneymtomthemorganizationm(creditors),mthosemwh
ommightmsellmthingsmtomthemorganizationm(calledmsuppliersmormvendors),mandmotherminterestedmp
arties.mTheseminterestedmpartiesmmaymincludemthosemwithmamparticularminterestminmpublicmservic
emorganizations,msuchmasmregulators,mlegislators,mandmcitizens.mFinancialmreportsmprovideminfor
mationmonmthemfinancialmstatusmofmthemorganizationmatmamspecificmpointminmtime,masmwellmasmr
, Instructor’smManualmformFinancialmManagementmformPublic,mHealth,mandmNot-for-
eporting thempastmresults
ProfitmmOrganizations 1, mofmthemorganization‘smoperationsm(i.e.,mhowmwellmitmhasmdonemfromm
amfinancialmviewpoint).
, Chapterm3:m Additionalm Budgetingm Conc 3-4
epts
1-
6.mFinancemfocusesmonmthemalternativemsourcesmandmusesmofmthemorganization‘smfinancialmreso
urces.mObtainingmfundsmwhenmneededmfrommappropriatemsourcesmandmthemdeploymentmofmreso
urcesmwithinmthemorganizationmfallmundermthismheading.mInmaddition,mfinanceminvolvesmthemfina
ncialmmarketsm(suchmasmstockmandmbondmmarkets)mthatmprovidemammeansmtomgeneratingmfunds
mformorganizations.
1-
7.mYes.mAchievingmthemgoalsmofmthemorganizationmrequiresmfinancialmplanning.mFinancialmmana
gementmprovidesminformationmformmanagersmtomuseminmmakingmtheirmdecisions.mItmhelpsmman
agersmbymprovidingminformationmonmthemlikelymfinancialmimpactmofmeachmproposedmalternative.
mItmalsomprovidesminformationmaboutmfinancialmstability,mefficiency,mandmeffectiveness.
1-
8.mClearly,mwemmightmexpectmsomempublicmservicemorganizationsmthatmaremproprietary,msuchmas
msomemhospitals,mtomearnmprofits.mButmwhatmaboutmothermpublicmservicemorganizationsmsuchmas
mcharities?
mTheymshouldmmakemamprofitmasmwell.mProfitsmprovidemamsafetymmarginmagainstmunexpectedmc
osts,mprovidemresourcesmtomreplacembuildingsmandmequipment,mandmtomexpandmandmimprovemse
rvices.
1-9.m Federalmgovernmentm(seemtextmFigurem1-1)
Individualmincomemtaxes
Socialminsurancemtaxes
Corporatemincomemtax
Statemandmlocalmgovernmentm(seemtextmFigurem1-4)
Salesmandmgrossmreceiptsmtax
Federalmgovernment
Propertymtaxes
Individualmincomemtaxes
Healthmsectorm(seemtextmFigurem1-6)
Privateminsurance
Medicare
Medicaid
Othermgovernmentmprograms
Not-for-profitm sectorm(seemtext)
Privatempaymentsmformgoodsmandmservices
Governmentmpaymentsmformgoodsmandmservices
Donations
1-
10.mFederalmgovernmentmspendingmexceededm$6mtrillionminm2020mandmstatemandmlocalmgovern
mentmspendingmwasmmoremthanm$3mtrillionminm2018.mInmcontrast,mthemGDPmwasm$21mtrillionmi
nm2020.mFormmoremupmtomdateminformation,mexaminemthemstatisticalmtablesmofmthemmostmrecent
mEconomicmReportmofmthemPresident,mwhichmismavailablemonline.
ProfitmOrganizations1,
SOLUTIONS MANUAL for Financial Management for Pub
m m m m m m
lic Health, and Not-for-
m m m
Profit Organizations 7th Edition by Steven Finkler, Thad Ca
m m m m m m m m
labrese, (Complete 15 Chapters)
m m m
,Chapterm3:m Additionalm Budgetingm Conc 3-2
epts
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 m TO
FINANCIAL M
m m
ANAGEMENT
QuestionsmformDiscussion
1-
1.mFinancialmmanagementmismthemsubsetmofmmanagementmthatmfocusesmonmgeneratingmfinancial
minformationmthatmcanmimprovemdecisions.mThemdecisionsmaremorientedmtowardmachievingmthem
variousmgoalsmofmthemorganizationmwhilemmaintainingmamsatisfactorymfinancialmsituation.mFinanci
almmanagementmencompassesmthembroadmareasmofmaccountingmandmfinance.
1-2.mInmproprietary,mormfor-
profit,morganizations,manmunderlyingmgoalmismtommaximizemthemwealthmofmthemownersmofmthemo
rganization.
1-
3.mInmpublicmservicemorganizations,mdecisionsmaremorientedmtowardmachievingmthemvariousmgoal
smofmthemorganizationmwhilemmaintainingmamsatisfactorymfinancialmsituation.
1-
4.mAccountingmismamsystemmformkeepingmtrackmofmthemfinancialmstatusmofmanmorganizationmand
mthemfinancialmresultsmofmitsmactivities.mItmhasmoftenmbeenmreferredmtomasmthemlanguagemofmbus
iness.mThemvocabularymusedmbymaccountingmismthemlanguagemofmnonbusinessmorganizationsmasm
well.
1-
5.mAccountingmismsubdividedmintomtwommajormareas:mmanagerialmaccountingmandmfinancialmac
counting.mManagerialmaccountingmrelatesmtomgeneratingmanymfinancialminformationmthatmmanage
rsmcanmusemtomimprovemthemfuturemresultsmofmthemorganization.mThismincludesmtechniquesmdesi
gnedmtomgeneratemanymfinancialmdatamthatmmightmhelpmmanagersmmakemmoremeffectivemdecisio
ns.mMajormaspectsmofmmanagerialmaccountingmrelatemtommakingmfinancialmplansmformthemorgani
zation,mimplementingmthosemplans,mandmthenmworkingmtomensuremthatmthemplansmaremachieved.m
Somemexamplesmofmmanagerialmaccountingmincludempreparingmannualmoperatingmbudgets,mgener
atingminformationmformuseminmmakingmmajorminvestmentmdecisions,mandmprovidingmthemdatamne
ededmtomdecidemwhethermtombuymormleasemammajormpiecemofmequipment.mFinancialmaccountingm
providesmretrospectiveminformation.mAsmeventsmthatmhavemfinancialmimplicationsmoccurmtheymar
emrecordedmbymthemfinancialmaccountingmsystem.m Frommtimemtomtimem(usuallymmonthly,mquart
erly,mormannually),mthemrecordedmdatamaremsummarizedmandmreportedmtominterestedmusers.mThem
usersmincludembothminternalmmanagersmandmpeoplemoutsidemthemorganization.mThosemoutsidersmi
ncludemthosemwhomhavemlentmormmightmlendmmoneymtomthemorganizationm(creditors),mthosemwh
ommightmsellmthingsmtomthemorganizationm(calledmsuppliersmormvendors),mandmotherminterestedmp
arties.mTheseminterestedmpartiesmmaymincludemthosemwithmamparticularminterestminmpublicmservic
emorganizations,msuchmasmregulators,mlegislators,mandmcitizens.mFinancialmreportsmprovideminfor
mationmonmthemfinancialmstatusmofmthemorganizationmatmamspecificmpointminmtime,masmwellmasmr
, Instructor’smManualmformFinancialmManagementmformPublic,mHealth,mandmNot-for-
eporting thempastmresults
ProfitmmOrganizations 1, mofmthemorganization‘smoperationsm(i.e.,mhowmwellmitmhasmdonemfromm
amfinancialmviewpoint).
, Chapterm3:m Additionalm Budgetingm Conc 3-4
epts
1-
6.mFinancemfocusesmonmthemalternativemsourcesmandmusesmofmthemorganization‘smfinancialmreso
urces.mObtainingmfundsmwhenmneededmfrommappropriatemsourcesmandmthemdeploymentmofmreso
urcesmwithinmthemorganizationmfallmundermthismheading.mInmaddition,mfinanceminvolvesmthemfina
ncialmmarketsm(suchmasmstockmandmbondmmarkets)mthatmprovidemammeansmtomgeneratingmfunds
mformorganizations.
1-
7.mYes.mAchievingmthemgoalsmofmthemorganizationmrequiresmfinancialmplanning.mFinancialmmana
gementmprovidesminformationmformmanagersmtomuseminmmakingmtheirmdecisions.mItmhelpsmman
agersmbymprovidingminformationmonmthemlikelymfinancialmimpactmofmeachmproposedmalternative.
mItmalsomprovidesminformationmaboutmfinancialmstability,mefficiency,mandmeffectiveness.
1-
8.mClearly,mwemmightmexpectmsomempublicmservicemorganizationsmthatmaremproprietary,msuchmas
msomemhospitals,mtomearnmprofits.mButmwhatmaboutmothermpublicmservicemorganizationsmsuchmas
mcharities?
mTheymshouldmmakemamprofitmasmwell.mProfitsmprovidemamsafetymmarginmagainstmunexpectedmc
osts,mprovidemresourcesmtomreplacembuildingsmandmequipment,mandmtomexpandmandmimprovemse
rvices.
1-9.m Federalmgovernmentm(seemtextmFigurem1-1)
Individualmincomemtaxes
Socialminsurancemtaxes
Corporatemincomemtax
Statemandmlocalmgovernmentm(seemtextmFigurem1-4)
Salesmandmgrossmreceiptsmtax
Federalmgovernment
Propertymtaxes
Individualmincomemtaxes
Healthmsectorm(seemtextmFigurem1-6)
Privateminsurance
Medicare
Medicaid
Othermgovernmentmprograms
Not-for-profitm sectorm(seemtext)
Privatempaymentsmformgoodsmandmservices
Governmentmpaymentsmformgoodsmandmservices
Donations
1-
10.mFederalmgovernmentmspendingmexceededm$6mtrillionminm2020mandmstatemandmlocalmgovern
mentmspendingmwasmmoremthanm$3mtrillionminm2018.mInmcontrast,mthemGDPmwasm$21mtrillionmi
nm2020.mFormmoremupmtomdateminformation,mexaminemthemstatisticalmtablesmofmthemmostmrecent
mEconomicmReportmofmthemPresident,mwhichmismavailablemonline.