Psychological Disorders Mock Exam Questions [100% Correct Answers]

Psychological Disorders Mock Exam Questions [100% Correct Answers] Do psychological disorders predict violent behavior *Ans*When mental disorders lead to violence(rarely), moral and ethical questions are raised about whether society should hold those types accountable for violent actions. Most people with disorders are nonviolent. How and why do clinicians classify psychological disorders, and why do some psychologists criticize the use of diagnostic labels? *Ans*Classified through the APA's DSM-5. It contains diagnostic labels and descriptions that provide a common language and concepts for communication and research. Most U.S health insurances require a DSM-5 diagnosis before paying for treatment. Some say the DSM editions have become too detailed and expensive. Others view DSM diagnosis as arbitrary labels that create preconceptions, which bias perceptions of the labeled person's past/present behavior. How can the biological and social-cognitive perspectives help us understand major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder? *Ans*Biological: focuses on genetic predispositions and on abnormalities in brain structures and function (includes neurotransmitter system) Social cognitive perspective views depression as an ongoing cycle of stressful experiences (through negative beliefs, attributions and memories) Leading to negative moods and actions and fueling new stressful experiences How do chronic and acute schizophrenia differ? *Ans*Chronic- the disorder develops gradually and recovery is doubtful. Acute- the onset is sudden, in reaction to stress, and the prospects for recovery are brighter. How do conditioning,cognition,and biology contribute to the feelings and thoughts that mark anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD? *Ans*The learning perspective views these disorders as products of fear conditioning, stimulus generalization, fearful behavior reinforcement, and observational learning of others fears and cognitions. The biological perspective considers the role that fears of life threatening animals,objects or situations played in natural selection and evolution; genetic predispositions for high levels of emotional reactivity and abnormal responses in the brain's fear circuits. How do generalized anxiety disorder,panic disorder and phobias differ? *Ans*Anxious feelings and behavior are only classified as anxiety disorder when they form a pattern of persistent and distressing anxiety or maladaptive behaviors. Anxiety escalates into periodic episodes of intense dread with extreme panic disorder. Those with a phobia may be irrationally afraid of a specific object, activity or situation How do genes influence schizophrenia? *Ans*Adoption studies show predisposition to schizophrenia is inherited. Multiple genes interact to produce it. Environmental events (like prenatal stress) may turn on genes for this disorder in those who are predisposed to it. How do major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder differ? *Ans*One with depression experiences prolonged weeks with 5 or more symptoms, one of which must be depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. One with bipolar disorder experiences both depression and mania How do the medical model and the Biopsychosocial approach influence our understanding of psychological disorders *Ans*Medical model: assumes that psychological disorders are mental illnesses with physical cause, and can be diagnose, treated and, in most cases, cured through therapy, sometimes in a hospital. The biopsychosocial perspective assumes that three sets of influences interact to produce specific psychological disorders. Bio-evolution,genetics,brain structure and chem Psycho- stress,trauma,learned,helplessness, mood-related perceptions and memories Social and cultural-roles, expectations, definitions of "normality" and "disorder" How many people have, or have had a psychological disorder? Is poverty a risk factor? *Ans*Ranges worldwide, 25% in U.S, Poverty is a risk factor. Conditions and experiences associated with poverty lead to development of psychological disorders. But some disorders, such a schizophrenia, can drive people to poverty. How should we draw the line between normality and disorder? *Ans*A psychological disorder is marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individuals cognition, emotional regulation and behavior. According to psychiatrists. What are dissociative disorders, and why are they controversial? *Ans*They are disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from memories,thoughts and fe