BIO 320 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

BIO 320 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass) Biodiversity is built from what 3 features? - Answer️️ -Ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity Species that lack genetic diversity are? - Answer️️ -More vulnerable to fluctuations due to climate change, disease, and habitat fragmentation. True or false; Counting every individual of a species is common - Answer️️ -False True or false; Must sample an area to estimate how many species are present? - Answer️️ -True True or false; One way to sample is by graphing the number of species observed as sample size increases? - Answer️️ -True Species Accumulation Curve - Answer️️ -Graph of the number of species observed in relation to the number of individuals sampled True or false; another way to estimate the number of species in an area is based on the number of rare species detected. - Answer️️ - True Formula for estimating number of species living in an area - Answer️️ -S= Sobs+f1(f1-1)/2(f2+1) ©SOPHIABENNET@2024/2025 Wednesday, August 21, 2024 12:13 PM STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY & ARIZONA UNIVERSITY 2 Estimated number of species in a community... - Answer️️ - Increases with an increase in the number of species represented by a single individual and decreases with an increase in the number of species represented by 2 individuals Relative Abundance - Answer️️ -The proportion of individuals in a community represented by each species True or false; most species have a hight or low abundance? - Answer️️ -False. Most species have intermediate abundance Frank Preston - Answer️️ -Developed a way to visualize patterns of variation in abundance of different species. Log-normal Distribution - Answer️️ -A bell-shaped curve that uses a logarithmic scale of the x-axis True or false; log-normal distributions of species can be found across a wide variety of communities and taxonomic groups - Answer️️ -True Rank-abundance curves - Answer️️ -Plot the relative abundance of each species in a community in rank order from most abundant to least abundant Rank-abundance curves are useful in? - Answer️️ -Illustrating how communities differ in species richness and species evenness Species Evenness - Answer️️ -Comparison of the relative abundance of each species in a community ©SOPHIABENNET@2024/2025 Wednesday, August 21, 2024 12:13 PM STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY & ARIZONA UNIVERSITY 3 Greatest evenness occurs when? - Answer️️ -All species in a community have equal abundance Lowest evenness occurs when? - Answer️️ -One species is abundant and the remaining are rare Rank abundance curves allow? - Answer️️ -The determination of which communities have the greatest species richness and evenness, how communities differ in richness and evenness Communities with more species and greater evenness have? - Answer️️ -Higher species diversity Calculate species diversity with? - Answer️️ -Simpson's index and Shannon's index Simpsons and Shannons index both incorporate? - Answer️️ - Species richness and evenness but in different ways What abiotic factors influence the amount of life an area can sustain? - Answer️️ -Light, water, and oxygen Landscape Ecology - Answer️️ -Consider the spatial arrangement of habitats at different scales and examines how they influence individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems. Legacy Effects - Answer️️ -Historical processes that have long- lasting influences on current ecology of an area ©SOPHIABENNET@2024/2025 Wednesday, August 21, 2024 12:13 PM STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY & ARIZONA UNIVERSITY 4 Ecosystem Engineers - Answer️️ -Animals that can alter the habitats in a landscape Human habitations can cause? - Answer️️ -Habitat heterogeneity True or false; humans are the most extensive ecosystem engineers? - Answer️️ -True Local/Alpha Diversity - Answer️️ -The number of species in a relatively small area of homogenous habitat Regional/Gamma Diversity - Answer️️ -The number of species in a relatively large area geographic area Number of species at a local scale is? - Answer️️ -Less than the number of species at the regional scale because species prefer different habitats Beta Diversity - Answer️️ -The number of species that differ in occurrences between 2 habitats Regional Species Pool - Answer️️ -Collection of species that occur within a region The species that live in each local site depend on? - Answer️️ -The species that exist in the regional pool and how well biotic and abiotic conditions at the local scale match the niche requ