Hondros Nursing 212 Final exam study
guide
What happens in palliative care? - ANS improves quality of life
decrease symptoms and minimize discomfort
What allows a person to be on hospice? - ANS less than 6 months to live (2 physicans
verified)
(past a year 1 physican)
What medications dry up secretions? - ANS hyoscine
atropine
What does advanced care planning do for the patient? - ANS allows pt to be apart of care
planning
What if a patient decides to change code status? - ANS Dr needs to be notified and dr
needs to change order
What is the first thing you should do before starting post mortem care? - ANS check cultural
wishes/ customs/ autopsy
What does the nurse do in post mortem care? - ANS remove devices/tubing, replace
dentures, position body in neutral position,
What are the signs of nearing death? - ANS death rattle(wet/noisy)
Cheyne Stokes (rapid, irregular,shallow)
what are the two types of grief? - ANS adaptive- working through loss in healthy way
prolonged- longer than normal : affecting daily life
What are the isotonic solutions and what is it for? - ANS LR ,0.9% NS,D5W
prevented solutions
What are the hypertonic solutions and what are they used for? - ANS
3%NS,5%NS,D10W,Combos
ICP , brain injury, critical pts
What are the hypotonic solutions and what are they used for? - ANS 0.225%, 0.3%, 0.225%
NS
hypernatremia, DKA, dehydration,
,What are the three IV solutions classified as? - ANS crystalloids
What is the priority action before hanging an IV piggyback? - ANS check compatibility
What is extravasion? what are the signs? - ANS leakage of a vesicant(chemo)
reddness,warmth,blisters
what should you do when you notice the signs of extravasion ? - ANS stop immediately and
call physican
Spiking and priming - ANS 6 med checks/ 3 label checks
Check label for name, solution, exp date
Ensure correct solution, remove iv wrapper
Inspect bag
Choose tubing, open and check exp date
Close roller clamp
Insert spike
Upright bag and hang
Squeeze drip half full
Open clamp check for bubbles
New gloves attach to pt
Remove gloves
What are chest tubes used for? - ANS collapsed lung or draining fluid, air, blood
How to check placement of chest tube? - ANS x ray
Is mild bubbling okay with a chest tube? - ANS yes
Is constant bubbling okay with a chest tube? - ANS no
Is tidaling good for a chest tube? - ANS yes
If tidaling stops, it is good or bad? - ANS BAD
How does tidaling work? - ANS on respirations
inhaling ( low)
exhaling ( high)
If should the nurse do if the patient experiences severe pain when coughing and has chest
tube? - ANS splint
, Where should the water chamber be compared to the chest tube insertion ? - ANS below
the incision site to prevent backflow
What can cause Cancer? - ANS genetics, treatments, and toxin exposures
What are the warning signs of Cancer? - ANS C A U T I O N
Change in bowel or bladder habits
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
What are the preventions of cancer? - ANS smoking cessation(15 years)
healthy wt and diet
What are some screenings for cancer? - ANS colonoscopy, pap smears, and mammogram
What is hypervolemia and what are the signs and symptoms? - ANS increase fluid in body
increase BP, decrease HR , increase wt and JVD, crackles in lungs
What is hypovolemia and what are the signs and symptoms? - ANS decrease fluid in body
decrease BP, increase HR, confusion, decrease output
What causes hypervolemia? - ANS kidney/heart failure
What causes hypovolemia? - ANS vomiting and diarrhea
What is the first thing to do when diagnosing cancer? - ANS imaging
xray, mri, endoscopy,ct
What is the second thing to do when diagnosing cancer? - ANS labs
cbc, liver tests, genetic marker, bone marrow, tumor markers
What is the last thing to do when diagnosing cancer and gives the most information on the
tumor? - ANS tissue biopsy
What are the two types of ways to stage cancer ? - ANS historical and staging 0-4
What is historical staging? - ANS undifferentiated - worser prognosis
differentiated- lower risk
severity of cancer cells
guide
What happens in palliative care? - ANS improves quality of life
decrease symptoms and minimize discomfort
What allows a person to be on hospice? - ANS less than 6 months to live (2 physicans
verified)
(past a year 1 physican)
What medications dry up secretions? - ANS hyoscine
atropine
What does advanced care planning do for the patient? - ANS allows pt to be apart of care
planning
What if a patient decides to change code status? - ANS Dr needs to be notified and dr
needs to change order
What is the first thing you should do before starting post mortem care? - ANS check cultural
wishes/ customs/ autopsy
What does the nurse do in post mortem care? - ANS remove devices/tubing, replace
dentures, position body in neutral position,
What are the signs of nearing death? - ANS death rattle(wet/noisy)
Cheyne Stokes (rapid, irregular,shallow)
what are the two types of grief? - ANS adaptive- working through loss in healthy way
prolonged- longer than normal : affecting daily life
What are the isotonic solutions and what is it for? - ANS LR ,0.9% NS,D5W
prevented solutions
What are the hypertonic solutions and what are they used for? - ANS
3%NS,5%NS,D10W,Combos
ICP , brain injury, critical pts
What are the hypotonic solutions and what are they used for? - ANS 0.225%, 0.3%, 0.225%
NS
hypernatremia, DKA, dehydration,
,What are the three IV solutions classified as? - ANS crystalloids
What is the priority action before hanging an IV piggyback? - ANS check compatibility
What is extravasion? what are the signs? - ANS leakage of a vesicant(chemo)
reddness,warmth,blisters
what should you do when you notice the signs of extravasion ? - ANS stop immediately and
call physican
Spiking and priming - ANS 6 med checks/ 3 label checks
Check label for name, solution, exp date
Ensure correct solution, remove iv wrapper
Inspect bag
Choose tubing, open and check exp date
Close roller clamp
Insert spike
Upright bag and hang
Squeeze drip half full
Open clamp check for bubbles
New gloves attach to pt
Remove gloves
What are chest tubes used for? - ANS collapsed lung or draining fluid, air, blood
How to check placement of chest tube? - ANS x ray
Is mild bubbling okay with a chest tube? - ANS yes
Is constant bubbling okay with a chest tube? - ANS no
Is tidaling good for a chest tube? - ANS yes
If tidaling stops, it is good or bad? - ANS BAD
How does tidaling work? - ANS on respirations
inhaling ( low)
exhaling ( high)
If should the nurse do if the patient experiences severe pain when coughing and has chest
tube? - ANS splint
, Where should the water chamber be compared to the chest tube insertion ? - ANS below
the incision site to prevent backflow
What can cause Cancer? - ANS genetics, treatments, and toxin exposures
What are the warning signs of Cancer? - ANS C A U T I O N
Change in bowel or bladder habits
A sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
What are the preventions of cancer? - ANS smoking cessation(15 years)
healthy wt and diet
What are some screenings for cancer? - ANS colonoscopy, pap smears, and mammogram
What is hypervolemia and what are the signs and symptoms? - ANS increase fluid in body
increase BP, decrease HR , increase wt and JVD, crackles in lungs
What is hypovolemia and what are the signs and symptoms? - ANS decrease fluid in body
decrease BP, increase HR, confusion, decrease output
What causes hypervolemia? - ANS kidney/heart failure
What causes hypovolemia? - ANS vomiting and diarrhea
What is the first thing to do when diagnosing cancer? - ANS imaging
xray, mri, endoscopy,ct
What is the second thing to do when diagnosing cancer? - ANS labs
cbc, liver tests, genetic marker, bone marrow, tumor markers
What is the last thing to do when diagnosing cancer and gives the most information on the
tumor? - ANS tissue biopsy
What are the two types of ways to stage cancer ? - ANS historical and staging 0-4
What is historical staging? - ANS undifferentiated - worser prognosis
differentiated- lower risk
severity of cancer cells
