GNUR 238 HEENT EXAM LATEST
UPDATE
hydrocephalus - Answer accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain
normocephalic - Answer normal skull
microcephaly - Answer tiny/small skull
macrocephaly - Answer large skull
acromegaly - Answer enlargement of bones due to an increase in growth hormone,
distributed throughout the body (not just in the skull)
migraine - Answer 2nd most common type of headache, comes with an aura (visual
issues), causes nausea, sensitivity to light
cluster headache - Answer unilateral, repetitive (usually comes continuously for weeks
and then there is a remission period where they cease)
muscular tension headache - Answer most common type of headache, usually occurs
with radiating pain in the frontal or temporal lobes. Feels like a "tight band aorund the
head"
posttraumatic headache - Answer most likely due from a head injury, results in dull pain,
lack of concentration, lack of memory sometimes. Should check with a neurologist to
ensure no permanent damage
hypothyroidism - Answer decrease in hormones AEB fatigue, weakness, weight gain,
constipation, memory impairment, intolerance to cold
hyperthyroidism - Answer increase in hormones AEB enlargement of gland (goiter),
exophthalmos (bulging eyes), fine hair, weight loss, diarrhea, irritability, Graves
disease, insomnia, muscle weakness
goiter - Answer enlarged thyroid gland
torticollis/wry neck - Answer condition in which the head becomes persistently bent to
one side, happens to infants because of how they lay in utero
trachestomy - Answer incision in the windpipe made to relieve an obstruction so the
patient can breathe adequately
lymph nodes - Answer small swellings in the lymph system where lymph is filtered
lymph fluid - Answer clear fluid made up of WBCs, RBCs, proteins
malignancy - Answer relating to cancer
, enlarged nodes - Answer indicative of infection or malignancy
xanthemasa - Answer oval-shaped lesions on the orbital area
hordeolum - Answer stye
accomodation - Answer pupils should constrict when an object moves closer to the eye
and the pupils should dilate when the object moves further away
consensual reaction - Answer when light is shined on one pupil, that pupil as well as the
other one should equally constrict
< 2 mm pupil size - Answer known as pin-point pupils, indicative of morphine or opiate
abuse (failure to dilate)
> 6 mm pupil size - Answer large pupils that fail to constrict, indicative of trauma/neuro
damage
uneven pupil sizes - Answer indicative of one-sided neuro damage
nystagmus - Answer rapid shaking of both or one eye, shaking for 1-2 seconds can be
due to MS, brain injury, or narcotic use
20/20 vision - Answer considered normal vision, not perfect vision
20/200 vision - Answer considered legal blindness
OD - Answer right eye
OS - Answer left eye
OU - Answer both eyes
visual acuity - Answer degree of detail the eye can discern
visual field - Answer area an individual can see when looking forward
myopia - Answer nearsightedness, can't see objects in the distance
hyperopia - Answer farsightedness, can't see closer objects
presbyopia - Answer farsightedness caused loss of elasticity of lens
acute glaucoma - Answer group of eye conditions that can lead to cranial nerve 2
damage due to an increase in intraocular pressure
blepharitis - Answer inflammation of the eyelids
cataract - Answer opaquing of the lens
chalazion - Answer blocked duct behind the eyelid
UPDATE
hydrocephalus - Answer accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain
normocephalic - Answer normal skull
microcephaly - Answer tiny/small skull
macrocephaly - Answer large skull
acromegaly - Answer enlargement of bones due to an increase in growth hormone,
distributed throughout the body (not just in the skull)
migraine - Answer 2nd most common type of headache, comes with an aura (visual
issues), causes nausea, sensitivity to light
cluster headache - Answer unilateral, repetitive (usually comes continuously for weeks
and then there is a remission period where they cease)
muscular tension headache - Answer most common type of headache, usually occurs
with radiating pain in the frontal or temporal lobes. Feels like a "tight band aorund the
head"
posttraumatic headache - Answer most likely due from a head injury, results in dull pain,
lack of concentration, lack of memory sometimes. Should check with a neurologist to
ensure no permanent damage
hypothyroidism - Answer decrease in hormones AEB fatigue, weakness, weight gain,
constipation, memory impairment, intolerance to cold
hyperthyroidism - Answer increase in hormones AEB enlargement of gland (goiter),
exophthalmos (bulging eyes), fine hair, weight loss, diarrhea, irritability, Graves
disease, insomnia, muscle weakness
goiter - Answer enlarged thyroid gland
torticollis/wry neck - Answer condition in which the head becomes persistently bent to
one side, happens to infants because of how they lay in utero
trachestomy - Answer incision in the windpipe made to relieve an obstruction so the
patient can breathe adequately
lymph nodes - Answer small swellings in the lymph system where lymph is filtered
lymph fluid - Answer clear fluid made up of WBCs, RBCs, proteins
malignancy - Answer relating to cancer
, enlarged nodes - Answer indicative of infection or malignancy
xanthemasa - Answer oval-shaped lesions on the orbital area
hordeolum - Answer stye
accomodation - Answer pupils should constrict when an object moves closer to the eye
and the pupils should dilate when the object moves further away
consensual reaction - Answer when light is shined on one pupil, that pupil as well as the
other one should equally constrict
< 2 mm pupil size - Answer known as pin-point pupils, indicative of morphine or opiate
abuse (failure to dilate)
> 6 mm pupil size - Answer large pupils that fail to constrict, indicative of trauma/neuro
damage
uneven pupil sizes - Answer indicative of one-sided neuro damage
nystagmus - Answer rapid shaking of both or one eye, shaking for 1-2 seconds can be
due to MS, brain injury, or narcotic use
20/20 vision - Answer considered normal vision, not perfect vision
20/200 vision - Answer considered legal blindness
OD - Answer right eye
OS - Answer left eye
OU - Answer both eyes
visual acuity - Answer degree of detail the eye can discern
visual field - Answer area an individual can see when looking forward
myopia - Answer nearsightedness, can't see objects in the distance
hyperopia - Answer farsightedness, can't see closer objects
presbyopia - Answer farsightedness caused loss of elasticity of lens
acute glaucoma - Answer group of eye conditions that can lead to cranial nerve 2
damage due to an increase in intraocular pressure
blepharitis - Answer inflammation of the eyelids
cataract - Answer opaquing of the lens
chalazion - Answer blocked duct behind the eyelid
