USU COMD 5070--Exam #1
Lectures Questions &
Answers 100% Correct!!
Scientific Method Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Empirical--based on data
2) Deterministic--obeys physical laws
3) Predictive--if you do this, then that will happen
4) Parsimonious--uses simplest explanation possible
Why do SLPs use technology? - ANSWER-1) Overcome listener bias--use consistent reliable
measurement
2) Describe severity objectively
3) Track progress over time
4) ASHA & EBP
5) Provide biofeedback to client
Areas of Speech Science Study - ANSWER-1) Acoustic phonetics
2) Physiological phonetics
3) Speech perception
Acoustic Phonetics - ANSWER-Measures of speech production you can get from microphone
recordings and what they can tell us about the way the larynx was operating and the way the
articulators were moving
Physiological Phonetics Areas - ANSWER-1) Kinematics
2) Aerodynamics
3) Electromyography
,Kinematics - ANSWER-The study of speech movements
How is frequency measured? - ANSWER-Cycles per second (Hz)
What is the simplest possible sound? - ANSWER-Pure tone
Complex Tone - ANSWER-More than one sign wave--multiple sounds blend together
Fundamental Frequency - ANSWER-Lowest frequency component of a complex sound
Pitch Perception Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Linked to frequency
2) Is subjective
3) Cannot be measured with instruments
How do you study pitch perception? - ANSWER-Listener matches perceived pitch to that of a pure
tone of known frequency.
Frequency Difference Limens (DL) - ANSWER-Smallest detectable change in frequency
Difference Limens Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Higher frequency sounds must differ more to be
heard as different pitches
2) As intensity increases a larger dB change is needed for us to notice a loudness difference
3) It's more difficult to tell soft sounds apart if they are fairly close in pitch
What does a larger DL mean? - ANSWER-A larger DL means that the physical stimulus must differ
more in order to be audible to us.
Complex Tone Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Have many frequencies
2) Fo (fundamental frequency) is often strongest
3) The auditory system responds to all frequencies heard
4) Can be periodic (more pleasant) or not
, When perceiving pitch, we are heavily influenced by the ______________. - ANSWER-Fundamental
frequency
Harmonics Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Create periodic sounds
2) Are integer multiples
What types of sounds are in the human voice? - ANSWER-1) Fo
2) Harmonics
Aerodynamics - ANSWER-Pressures, flows, and resistances involved in regulating our breath stream
as we speak
Electromyography - ANSWER-Measurement of electrical activity in muscles as they are activated
Speech Perception - ANSWER-The brain's processing and interpretation of speech sounds.
Frequency - ANSWER-How often a waveform repeats
What happens if a Fo is missing? - ANSWER-1) Sometimes we still perceive it.
2) Called a residue pitch or missing fundamental
3) The brain processes the entire harmonic structure regardless.
Characteristics of Pitch Perception in Music - ANSWER-1) Different octaves are recognizable because
the relationship between the notes is the same anywhere on the scale
2) Some note pairs, if they are multiples, blend harmoniously
Octave - ANSWER-1) Doubling or halving of a frequency (e.g. if 400 Hz is the base, 200 Hz is one
octave down, and 800 Hz is one octave up)
2) Each contains 12 semitones
Lectures Questions &
Answers 100% Correct!!
Scientific Method Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Empirical--based on data
2) Deterministic--obeys physical laws
3) Predictive--if you do this, then that will happen
4) Parsimonious--uses simplest explanation possible
Why do SLPs use technology? - ANSWER-1) Overcome listener bias--use consistent reliable
measurement
2) Describe severity objectively
3) Track progress over time
4) ASHA & EBP
5) Provide biofeedback to client
Areas of Speech Science Study - ANSWER-1) Acoustic phonetics
2) Physiological phonetics
3) Speech perception
Acoustic Phonetics - ANSWER-Measures of speech production you can get from microphone
recordings and what they can tell us about the way the larynx was operating and the way the
articulators were moving
Physiological Phonetics Areas - ANSWER-1) Kinematics
2) Aerodynamics
3) Electromyography
,Kinematics - ANSWER-The study of speech movements
How is frequency measured? - ANSWER-Cycles per second (Hz)
What is the simplest possible sound? - ANSWER-Pure tone
Complex Tone - ANSWER-More than one sign wave--multiple sounds blend together
Fundamental Frequency - ANSWER-Lowest frequency component of a complex sound
Pitch Perception Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Linked to frequency
2) Is subjective
3) Cannot be measured with instruments
How do you study pitch perception? - ANSWER-Listener matches perceived pitch to that of a pure
tone of known frequency.
Frequency Difference Limens (DL) - ANSWER-Smallest detectable change in frequency
Difference Limens Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Higher frequency sounds must differ more to be
heard as different pitches
2) As intensity increases a larger dB change is needed for us to notice a loudness difference
3) It's more difficult to tell soft sounds apart if they are fairly close in pitch
What does a larger DL mean? - ANSWER-A larger DL means that the physical stimulus must differ
more in order to be audible to us.
Complex Tone Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Have many frequencies
2) Fo (fundamental frequency) is often strongest
3) The auditory system responds to all frequencies heard
4) Can be periodic (more pleasant) or not
, When perceiving pitch, we are heavily influenced by the ______________. - ANSWER-Fundamental
frequency
Harmonics Characteristics - ANSWER-1) Create periodic sounds
2) Are integer multiples
What types of sounds are in the human voice? - ANSWER-1) Fo
2) Harmonics
Aerodynamics - ANSWER-Pressures, flows, and resistances involved in regulating our breath stream
as we speak
Electromyography - ANSWER-Measurement of electrical activity in muscles as they are activated
Speech Perception - ANSWER-The brain's processing and interpretation of speech sounds.
Frequency - ANSWER-How often a waveform repeats
What happens if a Fo is missing? - ANSWER-1) Sometimes we still perceive it.
2) Called a residue pitch or missing fundamental
3) The brain processes the entire harmonic structure regardless.
Characteristics of Pitch Perception in Music - ANSWER-1) Different octaves are recognizable because
the relationship between the notes is the same anywhere on the scale
2) Some note pairs, if they are multiples, blend harmoniously
Octave - ANSWER-1) Doubling or halving of a frequency (e.g. if 400 Hz is the base, 200 Hz is one
octave down, and 800 Hz is one octave up)
2) Each contains 12 semitones
