Microbiology 2215 CSCC Exam 1 Questions And Answers.

portion that anchors LPS molecule in lipid bilayer, can act as endotoxin when organism is killed & it is released into circulation (stimulate immune system to attack itself) - Lipid A Basic structure of peptidoglycan - Alternating NAG and NAM forming a glycan chain held together by terapeptide chain a thin layer of peptidoglycan surrounded by an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides - Gram-negative A type of dormant cell that is generally resistant to heat, dessication, UV light and chemicals - Endospore Accumulations of high molecular weight polymers, synthesized from a nutrient available in relative excess - Granules Are prokaryotic or eukarytoic ribosomes large? - Prokaryotic Bacteria and archaea are both classified as what type of cell? - prokaryote During the golden years of microbiology what were several beneficial creations? - -pure culture techniques -pasteurization process -aseptic surgical techniques -vaccines and immunization -quality microscopes Energy is expended to accumulate molecules against a concentration gradient - Active transportextrachromosomal DNA molecule that may be advantageous to a cell in certain situations - Plasmid Four structures that every single living cell must have - 1. DNA 2. Ribosome 3. Cytoplasm 4. Cytoplasmic membrane How does the bubonic plagu - Bites from fleas, handling infected animals, and airborne Involved in protein synthesis, 70s in prokaryotes and 80s in eukaryotes - Ribosomes Is periplasm present in gram-positive or gram-negative? - gram-negative Is teichoic acid found in gram-positive or gram-negative cells? - gram-positive Is the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) present in gram-positive or gram-negative? - gramnegative Is the layer of peptidoglycan surrounding a gram-negative cell thick or thin? - Thin Is the layer of peptidoglycan surrounding a gram-positive cell thick or thin? - Thick Is there an outer membrane found on gram-positive or gram-negative cells? - gram-negative Non-cellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements that can infect all living things including other microorganisms are classified as ______. - Viruses A series of experimental proofs that could establish whether an organism was pathogenic and which disease it caused - Koch's PostulatesNon-living objects could give rise to living organisms was the basis of what theory? - Spontaneous generation Parasitic inverterbrates(worms) are classified as ______. - Helminthes Phospholipid bilayer embeded with proteins that surround the cytoplasm that acts as a discriminating conduits between the cell and its surroundings - Cytoplasmic membrane Photosynthetic plant-like organisms are classified as ______. - Algae Prokaryotes with peptidoglycan in their cell walls and circular chromosomes are classified as ______. - Bacteria Rarely used by prokaryotes. Exploits a concetration gradient to move molecule by only elimanteing a gradient and requires no energy - Facilitate diffusion