ESS IB Review Test Questions &
Answers 2024/2025
Demographics - ANSWERSthe study of the dynamics of population change
Exponential curve- - ANSWERSwhen populations follow an accelerating rate of growth which is
proportional to the population size
Crude Birth Rate (CBR) - ANSWERSnumber of births per thousand individuals in a population per year
Crude Death Rate (CDR) - ANSWERSnumber of deaths per thousand individuals in a population per year
calculate CDR and CBR - ANSWERSdividing the amount of deaths or births by the population, and then
multiplying it by 1000.
Natural Increase Rate (NIR) - ANSWERSrate of human growth expressed as a percentage change per year.
calculate NIR - ANSWERSCDR-BDR, then divide it by 10.
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)- - ANSWERSaverage amount of children each woman has over a lifetime.
Factors That Affect Population Size - ANSWERSBirth Rate
Death Rate
Immigration
Emigration
Fertility Rates- - ANSWERSnumber of births per thousand women of childbearing age.
, Differences between Birth Rate and Fertility - ANSWERSBirth Rate expressed in percentage forms, births
per thousand of total population (male, female, child, old)
Fertility represents only women
Human Development Index (HDI)- - ANSWERSmeasurement of "well-being" for a country.
(wealth, life expectancy, gross domestic product, education)
GDP - ANSWERSGross Domestic Product- the total market value of all final goods and services produced
annually in an economy
Countries Considered to be a NIC - ANSWERSChina, India, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, Mexico, Brazil
Demography- - ANSWERSstatistical study of which includes human population, total size, age and sex
composition, change over time w/ variation in births and death rates.
Factors That Affect Our Resources And Impact on The Environment - ANSWERSSize of the population
Wealth of the population
Resource needs and desires
Malthusian Theory - ANSWERSExpressed views on the danger of overpopulation and claimed that food
supply was the main limit to overpopulation
-explains the human population grow geometrically (2, 4, 8, 16, 32)
Explained food supply only grew arithmetically (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12)- was limited by the lack of land
"Laws of Nature," dictated that a human population can never grow over the food supply
Answers 2024/2025
Demographics - ANSWERSthe study of the dynamics of population change
Exponential curve- - ANSWERSwhen populations follow an accelerating rate of growth which is
proportional to the population size
Crude Birth Rate (CBR) - ANSWERSnumber of births per thousand individuals in a population per year
Crude Death Rate (CDR) - ANSWERSnumber of deaths per thousand individuals in a population per year
calculate CDR and CBR - ANSWERSdividing the amount of deaths or births by the population, and then
multiplying it by 1000.
Natural Increase Rate (NIR) - ANSWERSrate of human growth expressed as a percentage change per year.
calculate NIR - ANSWERSCDR-BDR, then divide it by 10.
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)- - ANSWERSaverage amount of children each woman has over a lifetime.
Factors That Affect Population Size - ANSWERSBirth Rate
Death Rate
Immigration
Emigration
Fertility Rates- - ANSWERSnumber of births per thousand women of childbearing age.
, Differences between Birth Rate and Fertility - ANSWERSBirth Rate expressed in percentage forms, births
per thousand of total population (male, female, child, old)
Fertility represents only women
Human Development Index (HDI)- - ANSWERSmeasurement of "well-being" for a country.
(wealth, life expectancy, gross domestic product, education)
GDP - ANSWERSGross Domestic Product- the total market value of all final goods and services produced
annually in an economy
Countries Considered to be a NIC - ANSWERSChina, India, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, Mexico, Brazil
Demography- - ANSWERSstatistical study of which includes human population, total size, age and sex
composition, change over time w/ variation in births and death rates.
Factors That Affect Our Resources And Impact on The Environment - ANSWERSSize of the population
Wealth of the population
Resource needs and desires
Malthusian Theory - ANSWERSExpressed views on the danger of overpopulation and claimed that food
supply was the main limit to overpopulation
-explains the human population grow geometrically (2, 4, 8, 16, 32)
Explained food supply only grew arithmetically (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12)- was limited by the lack of land
"Laws of Nature," dictated that a human population can never grow over the food supply
