ESS IB Exam Questions & Answers
2024/2025
System - ANSWERSAn assemblage of parts and their relationship forming a functioning entirely or whole
Open System - ANSWERSExchanges matter AND energy
Closed System - ANSWERSExchanges ONLY energy
Isolated System - ANSWERSDOES NOT exchange matter or energy. Theoretical.
1st Law of Thermodyamics - ANSWERSEnergy is neither created nor destroyed. IT ONLY CHANGES
FORMS.
2nd Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWERSThe entropy of a closed system increases.
When energy is transformed into work, some energy is always lost as waste and/or heat
Steady-State Equilibrium - ANSWERSIn open systems.
Continuous inputs and outputs of energy and matter.
The system as a whole remains in a constant state.
There are no long term changes.
Static Equilibrium - ANSWERSThere is no change over time.
When the state of equilibrium is distributed, the system adapts a new equilibrium.
Stable Equilibrium - ANSWERSThe system returns to the same equilibrium after a disturbance.
Unstable Equilibrium - ANSWERSThe system returns to a new equilibrium after a disturbance.
, Positive Feedback - ANSWERSResults in a FURTHER DECREASE OF OUTPUT.
The system is destabilized and pushed into a new state of equilibrium.
Negative Feedback - ANSWERSTends to stabilize systems in the event of a disturbance.
Transfers- Literal movement. - ANSWERSMovement of material through living organisms.
Movement of material in non-living processes.
The movement of energy.
Transformations- Changing from one thing to another. - ANSWERSMatter to matter.
Energy to energy.
Matter to energy.
Energy to matter.
The Gaia Hypothesis - ANSWERSThe Earth is a living organism/system.
Biotic Factors - ANSWERSLiving components
Abiotic Factors - ANSWERSNon-living physical and chemical components
Species - ANSWERSA particular type of organism
Population - ANSWERSA group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same
time and are capable of interbreeding.
Habitat - ANSWERSThe environment where a species normally lives.
Ecological Niche - ANSWERSThe role of an organism.
2024/2025
System - ANSWERSAn assemblage of parts and their relationship forming a functioning entirely or whole
Open System - ANSWERSExchanges matter AND energy
Closed System - ANSWERSExchanges ONLY energy
Isolated System - ANSWERSDOES NOT exchange matter or energy. Theoretical.
1st Law of Thermodyamics - ANSWERSEnergy is neither created nor destroyed. IT ONLY CHANGES
FORMS.
2nd Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWERSThe entropy of a closed system increases.
When energy is transformed into work, some energy is always lost as waste and/or heat
Steady-State Equilibrium - ANSWERSIn open systems.
Continuous inputs and outputs of energy and matter.
The system as a whole remains in a constant state.
There are no long term changes.
Static Equilibrium - ANSWERSThere is no change over time.
When the state of equilibrium is distributed, the system adapts a new equilibrium.
Stable Equilibrium - ANSWERSThe system returns to the same equilibrium after a disturbance.
Unstable Equilibrium - ANSWERSThe system returns to a new equilibrium after a disturbance.
, Positive Feedback - ANSWERSResults in a FURTHER DECREASE OF OUTPUT.
The system is destabilized and pushed into a new state of equilibrium.
Negative Feedback - ANSWERSTends to stabilize systems in the event of a disturbance.
Transfers- Literal movement. - ANSWERSMovement of material through living organisms.
Movement of material in non-living processes.
The movement of energy.
Transformations- Changing from one thing to another. - ANSWERSMatter to matter.
Energy to energy.
Matter to energy.
Energy to matter.
The Gaia Hypothesis - ANSWERSThe Earth is a living organism/system.
Biotic Factors - ANSWERSLiving components
Abiotic Factors - ANSWERSNon-living physical and chemical components
Species - ANSWERSA particular type of organism
Population - ANSWERSA group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same
time and are capable of interbreeding.
Habitat - ANSWERSThe environment where a species normally lives.
Ecological Niche - ANSWERSThe role of an organism.
