TELUS Flashcards

TELUS Flashcards type ️only count the word in use once tokens ️count every instance that a word occurs phonological ️each phoneme is considered as consisting of a group of these features and differing in at least one feature from the other phonemes /i:/ +high, -low, -back, -round /u:/ ++high, -low, +back, +round where the features + or - hihg, = or _ low, + or - back refer to the postition of the tongue in the mouth and + or - round to whether the lips are rounded or not also concerned with: a) the study of word-to-word relations in sentences, i.e. how sound patterns are affected by the combination of words b) the investigation of intonation patterns orthographic ️(1) The practice or study of correct spelling according to established usage. (2) The study of letters and how they are used to express sounds and form words. Adjective: orthographic or orthographical. 'The science of spelling by the eye instead of the ear.' -Ambrose Bierce, The Devil's Dictionary (1911) lexical unit ️form that points to or refers to something in the outside world two categories of words ️content and function see typologies in Granger for further reading homonymy ️relation between words whose forms are the same (sound or spelling) but whose meanings are different and cannot be connected *distinguished from polysemy in that meanings cannot be connected tail and tale bow your head and tie a bow lie down and don't lie polysemy ️one word having two or more closely related meanings foot of the bed, hurt his foot (both mean lower part) morphology ️the study of how the forms of words change morpheme ️the smallest meaningful unit in a language or the smallest bit of a word with independent meaning cannot be divided without altering or destroying its meaning ex: kind free morpheme ️can stand alone, cannot be divided into smaller units bound morpheme ️cannot stand alone as a word -s -ous im- re- allomorph ️[W]hen we find a group of different morphs, all versions of one morpheme, we can use the prefix allo- ( = one of a closely related set) and describe them as allomorphs of that morpheme. derivational affix ️Derivational morphemes are used to change the grammatical categories of words. For example, the derivational morpheme -er is used to transform the verbbake into the noun baker. The morpheme -ly changes the adjective quick into the adverb quickly. We can change adjectives such as happy into nouns such ashappiness by using the derivational morpheme -ness. Other common suffixes include -ism, -tion, -able, -ment and -al. Derivational morphemes can also be prefixes, such as un-, in-, pre- and a-. -adds meaning in the stem changes word for example, a noun to an adjective, etc. inflectional affix ️inflectional morphemes serve as grammatical markers that indicate tense, number,possession, or comparison. Inflectional morphemes in English include the suffixes -s(or -es); 's (or s'); -ed; -en; -er; -est; and -ing. n inflectional morpheme does not have the capacity to change the meaning or the syntactic class of the words it is bound to and will have a predictable meaning for all such words. affix ️a letter or sound, or group of letters or sounds added to a word, which chan