Unit 7 BIOMG 3300 Questions with Correct Answers
What is the function of rRNA? Correct Answer-rRNAs are components
of ribosomes, the complexes that carry out the synthesis of proteins
What are three examples of evidence that support the RNA world
hypothesis? Correct Answer-rRNA is used in catalysis of peptides, no
evidence of anything helping replicate RNA so it has been self
replicating from the start, we have done experiments simulating
primitive Earth and they were able to for purines and pyrimidines easily
What is the function of tRNA? Correct Answer-tRNAs are adaptor
molecules that faithfully translate the information in mRNA into a
specific sequence of amino acids
Distinguish between monocistronic and polycistronic mRNA Correct
Answer-polycistronic is a promoter that codes for multiple genes,
monocistronic is a single promoter that codes for multiple genes
Is eukaryotic mRNA polycistronic or monocistronic? Correct Answer-
monocistronic
Is prokaryotic mRNA polycistronic or monocistronic? Correct Answer-it
can be both
Does single stranded RNA have double stranded regions? Correct
Answer-Yes, hairpins
,What are the two types of base pairs in regions of double stranded RNA?
Correct Answer-AU and GC
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : substrates Correct Answer-DNA polymerase I uses dNTP and RNA
polymerase uses NTP
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : whether a primer is needed Correct Answer-RNA polymerase does
not require a primer whereas DNA polymerase I does
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : direction of synthesis Correct Answer-Both are synthesized in the 5'
to 3' direction
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : nucleophilic attack in bond formation Correct Answer-The
nucleophilic attack in RNA is the same as in DNA as the hydroxyl on
the 3' carbon attacks the pyrphosphate or phosphatase
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : role of pyrophosphate and pyrophosphatase in the overall reaction
Correct Answer-Pyrophosphatase is the enzyme that breaks down
pyrophosphate in bother reactions
, Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : a template Correct Answer-They both require a template: RNA
polymerase requires the use of one DNA strand and DNA polymerase I
requires the use of an older DNA strand to replicate
What is meant by the terms "template" and "non-template" strands?
Correct Answer-the non-template strand is the strand that is identical to
the mRNA, the template strand is the coding strand, the one that RNA
polymerase will use to synthesize mRNA
Does the same strand of the chromosome always serve as the template
strand Correct Answer-No, either strand can serve as the template strand
or the nontemplate strand
Discuss the quarternary structure of RNA polymerase Correct Answer-
the beta subunit of RNA polymerase has the shape of a crab claw
Does RNA polymerase have 3' to 5' exonuclease activity? Why is it
unnecessary? Correct Answer-No it does not but this is not necessary
because all RNAs are eventually degraded and replaced unlike DNA
where a mistake is permanent
What is meant by the term "consensus sequence"? to discuss how a
consensus sequence is determined? Correct Answer-A consensus
sequence is a sequence that has very similar variations in specific
locations and it can be found by finding similar sequences in different
parts of the cell
What is the function of rRNA? Correct Answer-rRNAs are components
of ribosomes, the complexes that carry out the synthesis of proteins
What are three examples of evidence that support the RNA world
hypothesis? Correct Answer-rRNA is used in catalysis of peptides, no
evidence of anything helping replicate RNA so it has been self
replicating from the start, we have done experiments simulating
primitive Earth and they were able to for purines and pyrimidines easily
What is the function of tRNA? Correct Answer-tRNAs are adaptor
molecules that faithfully translate the information in mRNA into a
specific sequence of amino acids
Distinguish between monocistronic and polycistronic mRNA Correct
Answer-polycistronic is a promoter that codes for multiple genes,
monocistronic is a single promoter that codes for multiple genes
Is eukaryotic mRNA polycistronic or monocistronic? Correct Answer-
monocistronic
Is prokaryotic mRNA polycistronic or monocistronic? Correct Answer-it
can be both
Does single stranded RNA have double stranded regions? Correct
Answer-Yes, hairpins
,What are the two types of base pairs in regions of double stranded RNA?
Correct Answer-AU and GC
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : substrates Correct Answer-DNA polymerase I uses dNTP and RNA
polymerase uses NTP
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : whether a primer is needed Correct Answer-RNA polymerase does
not require a primer whereas DNA polymerase I does
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : direction of synthesis Correct Answer-Both are synthesized in the 5'
to 3' direction
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : nucleophilic attack in bond formation Correct Answer-The
nucleophilic attack in RNA is the same as in DNA as the hydroxyl on
the 3' carbon attacks the pyrphosphate or phosphatase
Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : role of pyrophosphate and pyrophosphatase in the overall reaction
Correct Answer-Pyrophosphatase is the enzyme that breaks down
pyrophosphate in bother reactions
, Distinguish between RNA polymerases and DNA polymerase I in terms
of : a template Correct Answer-They both require a template: RNA
polymerase requires the use of one DNA strand and DNA polymerase I
requires the use of an older DNA strand to replicate
What is meant by the terms "template" and "non-template" strands?
Correct Answer-the non-template strand is the strand that is identical to
the mRNA, the template strand is the coding strand, the one that RNA
polymerase will use to synthesize mRNA
Does the same strand of the chromosome always serve as the template
strand Correct Answer-No, either strand can serve as the template strand
or the nontemplate strand
Discuss the quarternary structure of RNA polymerase Correct Answer-
the beta subunit of RNA polymerase has the shape of a crab claw
Does RNA polymerase have 3' to 5' exonuclease activity? Why is it
unnecessary? Correct Answer-No it does not but this is not necessary
because all RNAs are eventually degraded and replaced unlike DNA
where a mistake is permanent
What is meant by the term "consensus sequence"? to discuss how a
consensus sequence is determined? Correct Answer-A consensus
sequence is a sequence that has very similar variations in specific
locations and it can be found by finding similar sequences in different
parts of the cell
