Human Case Studies Questions and
Answers
China
✓ ~~~ Basic Info: policy, late 1970s, prevent famine (Great Famine caused 35 million
deaths),
China
✓ ~~~ Advantages: controls pop, less strain on resources, increase living standards, family
planning education, BR decreased since 1979, rate of pop growth is 0.7%, 3-4 mil fewer
people in 2008 w/ policy
China
✓ ~~~ Disadvantages: still has 1 million more births than deaths every 5 weeks, abortion
problem, in 2001 20 000 abortions set for Huaji Country (2002 outlawed physical force of
abrotion/sterilisation), lack of people of working age, ageing population, imbalanced
gender structure 119 boys to 100 girls, 6 million more young men than women --> rape,
forced marriage, lack of human rights, black market ultrasound, female infanticide, illegal
immigration
Kerala
✓ ~~~ Basic: introduced in 1952, family planning programme, focused on social change, 32
million pop represent 3.5% of India's pop
China
✓ ~~~ Policy: only 1 child, 5-10% salary rise, tax incentives, free services, granny police
established (neighbours inform others), rural families allowed 2 for work, free pension,
housing, education, benefits for single child
if disobeyed: 10% salary cut, large fine, women forced into abortion
Kerala
, ✓ ~~~ Policy: Improve policies and sexual equality, provide adult literacy classes, education
to understand benefits of small families, reduce infant mortality, improve healthcare,
health clinics set up free contraception and advice, allow maternity leave for first 2 babies,
extra retirement benefits for those with smaller families, enforced through soap operas,
billboards, school visits
Kerala
✓ ~~~ Success: India's GDP/capita $460, Kerala's $2950, AL 91% (before 58%), LE 71
years (64), IM 12/1000 (65)
Disadvantages: X industrialise, intelligent people --> Dubai
Italy
✓ ~~~ 56 mil pop, predicted to fall to 41 mil by 2050 when 40% of pop will be ageing, BR
1.3/1000, few consumers to keep economy going, decreased tax revenues and increasing
pension/healthcare costs, baby bonus paid for children of £600 since 2003
Germany
✓ ~~~ If X increase in current BR, work force will fall by 40% in next 50 years, declined
economy, if BR doubled overnight, take Germany 20 years to recover, tax breaks for
families with children, BR 8.5/1000
Spain
✓ ~~~ one-off payments for children at birth
Poland
✓ ~~~ paid for each child born, BR 9.3/1000
Sweeden
✓ ~~~ flexible working hours for family, high quality child-care
Norway
Answers
China
✓ ~~~ Basic Info: policy, late 1970s, prevent famine (Great Famine caused 35 million
deaths),
China
✓ ~~~ Advantages: controls pop, less strain on resources, increase living standards, family
planning education, BR decreased since 1979, rate of pop growth is 0.7%, 3-4 mil fewer
people in 2008 w/ policy
China
✓ ~~~ Disadvantages: still has 1 million more births than deaths every 5 weeks, abortion
problem, in 2001 20 000 abortions set for Huaji Country (2002 outlawed physical force of
abrotion/sterilisation), lack of people of working age, ageing population, imbalanced
gender structure 119 boys to 100 girls, 6 million more young men than women --> rape,
forced marriage, lack of human rights, black market ultrasound, female infanticide, illegal
immigration
Kerala
✓ ~~~ Basic: introduced in 1952, family planning programme, focused on social change, 32
million pop represent 3.5% of India's pop
China
✓ ~~~ Policy: only 1 child, 5-10% salary rise, tax incentives, free services, granny police
established (neighbours inform others), rural families allowed 2 for work, free pension,
housing, education, benefits for single child
if disobeyed: 10% salary cut, large fine, women forced into abortion
Kerala
, ✓ ~~~ Policy: Improve policies and sexual equality, provide adult literacy classes, education
to understand benefits of small families, reduce infant mortality, improve healthcare,
health clinics set up free contraception and advice, allow maternity leave for first 2 babies,
extra retirement benefits for those with smaller families, enforced through soap operas,
billboards, school visits
Kerala
✓ ~~~ Success: India's GDP/capita $460, Kerala's $2950, AL 91% (before 58%), LE 71
years (64), IM 12/1000 (65)
Disadvantages: X industrialise, intelligent people --> Dubai
Italy
✓ ~~~ 56 mil pop, predicted to fall to 41 mil by 2050 when 40% of pop will be ageing, BR
1.3/1000, few consumers to keep economy going, decreased tax revenues and increasing
pension/healthcare costs, baby bonus paid for children of £600 since 2003
Germany
✓ ~~~ If X increase in current BR, work force will fall by 40% in next 50 years, declined
economy, if BR doubled overnight, take Germany 20 years to recover, tax breaks for
families with children, BR 8.5/1000
Spain
✓ ~~~ one-off payments for children at birth
Poland
✓ ~~~ paid for each child born, BR 9.3/1000
Sweeden
✓ ~~~ flexible working hours for family, high quality child-care
Norway
