Hondros NUR 205 exam 3 Questions and
Correct Answers
Impaired urinary elimination
✓ ~~~ 1. Anuria (absence of urine)
✓ 2. Dysuria ( painful urnination)
✓ 3. Polyuria ( multiple episodes of urinating-diabetes)
✓ 4. Urinary frequency (multiple episodes w/ little urine produced in a short time)
✓ 5. Urinary hesitancy (the urge to urinate exists, but pt having hard time starting the
stream)
3 processes of urine formation
✓ ~~~ 1. glomerular filtration
✓ 2. tubular reabsorption
✓ 3. tubular secretion
Glomerular filtration
✓ ~~~ The first step in urine formation in which substances in blood pass through the
filtration membrane and the filtrate enters the proximal convoluted tubule of the
nephron.
Tubular reabsorption
✓ ~~~ Process of reabsorbing water and electrolytes back into the blood
Tubular secretion
✓ ~~~ selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal tubules and
collecting ducts
,Urinary incontinence
1. Stress
✓ ~~~ Leakage of small amounts of urine during physical movement - ie. coughing,
sneezing, exercising.
Urinary incontinence
2. Urge
✓ ~~~ leakage of small amounts of urine at UNEXPECTED times - ie. during sleep
Urinary incontinence
3. Functional
✓ ~~~ Untimely urination because of physical disability, external obstacles, or
cognitive problems that prevent from reaching the toilet.
Urinary incontinence
4. Overflow
✓ ~~~ Unexpected leakage of small amounts of urine due to full bladder
Urinary incontinence
5. Transient
✓ ~~~ Leakage that occurs temporarily because of a situation that will pass - ie. UTI,
infection, pregnancy, cold with coughing.
Urinary incontinence
,6. Reflex
✓ ~~~ Involuntary loss of urine occurring at predictable intervals when patient reaches
bladder volume - ie. spinal cord damage, loss of urge to void.
Nursing interventions for constipation
✓ ~~~ Sitting in chair, walking
Increase fluids, and fiber
Elimination discomfort exemplars
✓ ~~~ Anal fissure
anorectal abscess
hemorrhoids
interstitial cystitis
pilonidal cyst
urolithiasis
Elimination infection and inflammation exemplars
✓ ~~~ GI:
Infection-- C. Diff
Inflammation--IBD, UC, Crohns
Urinary:
, Infection--UTI, kidney infection, pyelonephritis, kidney stones
Colorectal risk factors
✓ ~~~ Over age 50
Race - African American have highest rates
Diet - intake of animal fats and red meat
Type 1 diabetes
✓ ~~~ -no insulin is produced
-usually diagnosed in childhood
-cells are starved of glucose since there is no insulin to bring into the cells
-cells break down protein and fat into energy causing ketones to build up - acidosis
Type 1 signs and symptoms
✓ ~~~ *abrupt!*
Polyuria
polydipsia
polyphagia
Type 1 treatment
✓ ~~~ Insulin only.
Correct Answers
Impaired urinary elimination
✓ ~~~ 1. Anuria (absence of urine)
✓ 2. Dysuria ( painful urnination)
✓ 3. Polyuria ( multiple episodes of urinating-diabetes)
✓ 4. Urinary frequency (multiple episodes w/ little urine produced in a short time)
✓ 5. Urinary hesitancy (the urge to urinate exists, but pt having hard time starting the
stream)
3 processes of urine formation
✓ ~~~ 1. glomerular filtration
✓ 2. tubular reabsorption
✓ 3. tubular secretion
Glomerular filtration
✓ ~~~ The first step in urine formation in which substances in blood pass through the
filtration membrane and the filtrate enters the proximal convoluted tubule of the
nephron.
Tubular reabsorption
✓ ~~~ Process of reabsorbing water and electrolytes back into the blood
Tubular secretion
✓ ~~~ selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in renal tubules and
collecting ducts
,Urinary incontinence
1. Stress
✓ ~~~ Leakage of small amounts of urine during physical movement - ie. coughing,
sneezing, exercising.
Urinary incontinence
2. Urge
✓ ~~~ leakage of small amounts of urine at UNEXPECTED times - ie. during sleep
Urinary incontinence
3. Functional
✓ ~~~ Untimely urination because of physical disability, external obstacles, or
cognitive problems that prevent from reaching the toilet.
Urinary incontinence
4. Overflow
✓ ~~~ Unexpected leakage of small amounts of urine due to full bladder
Urinary incontinence
5. Transient
✓ ~~~ Leakage that occurs temporarily because of a situation that will pass - ie. UTI,
infection, pregnancy, cold with coughing.
Urinary incontinence
,6. Reflex
✓ ~~~ Involuntary loss of urine occurring at predictable intervals when patient reaches
bladder volume - ie. spinal cord damage, loss of urge to void.
Nursing interventions for constipation
✓ ~~~ Sitting in chair, walking
Increase fluids, and fiber
Elimination discomfort exemplars
✓ ~~~ Anal fissure
anorectal abscess
hemorrhoids
interstitial cystitis
pilonidal cyst
urolithiasis
Elimination infection and inflammation exemplars
✓ ~~~ GI:
Infection-- C. Diff
Inflammation--IBD, UC, Crohns
Urinary:
, Infection--UTI, kidney infection, pyelonephritis, kidney stones
Colorectal risk factors
✓ ~~~ Over age 50
Race - African American have highest rates
Diet - intake of animal fats and red meat
Type 1 diabetes
✓ ~~~ -no insulin is produced
-usually diagnosed in childhood
-cells are starved of glucose since there is no insulin to bring into the cells
-cells break down protein and fat into energy causing ketones to build up - acidosis
Type 1 signs and symptoms
✓ ~~~ *abrupt!*
Polyuria
polydipsia
polyphagia
Type 1 treatment
✓ ~~~ Insulin only.
