ATLS Post Test 2023
1. Which of the following is the recommended Method for treatment
frostbite?
A. Vasodilators
B. Anticoagulants
C. Warm (40 ° C) water
D. Padding and elevation
E. Application of heat from a hairdryer
: C. Warm (40 ° C) water
2. Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of
hypotension other than spinal cord injury?
A. Priapism
B. Bradycardia
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend them
: D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes.
Spinal shock refers to loss of muscle toe (flaccidity) and loss of reflexes.
3. The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level
trauma
center is:
A. Unavailability of surgeon or operating staff
B. Multiple system injuries, including severe head injury
C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
,D. Resource limitations as determined by the hospital
administration
E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma
: C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
4. A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is
brought promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is
cool and diaphoretic, and his systolic blood pressure is 58 mmHg.
Warmed crystalloid fluids are initiated without improvement in his
vital signs. The next, most appropriate, step is to perform:
A. A laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage
: A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic abnormality
5. A 42-year-old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his
overturned tractor for several hours before medical assistance
arrives. He is awake and alert until just before arriving in the ED. He
is now unconscious and responds only to painful stimuli by moaning.
His pupils are 3 mm in diameter and symmetrically reactive to light.
Prehospital personnel indicate that they have not seen the patient
move either of his lower extremities. On examination in the ED, no
movement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response
to painful stimuli. The most likely cause for this finding is:
A. An epidural hematoma
B. A pelvic fracture
C. Central cord syndrome
D. Intracerebral hemorrhage
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome
,: C. Central cord syndrome
6. A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED.
He is lethargic but withdraws purposefully from painful stimuli. His
blood pressure is 90 mmHg systolic, heart rate 140 beats per
minute and his respiratory rate is 36 breaths per minute. The
preferred route of venous access in this patient is:
A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankle
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
E. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein
: D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
7. A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is
brought promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is
cool and diaphoretic, and he is confused. His pulse is thready and
his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable. The definitive treatment
in managing this patient is to:
A. Administer O-negative blood
B. Apply external warming devices
C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
D. Apply a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)
E. Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solutions.
: C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
8. Regarding shock in the child, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Vital signs are age-related
, B. Children have greater physiologic reserves than do adults
C. Tachycardia is the primary physiologic response to hypovolemia
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is
the same as in adults
E. An initial fluid bolus for resuscitation should approximate 20
ml/kg Ringers Lactate:
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same
as in adults
9. A 33-year-old man is struck by a car travelling at 56 km/h (35
mph). He has obvious fractures of the left tibia near the knee, pain
in the pelvic area, and severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 182 beats
per minute, and his respiratory rate is 48 breaths per minute with
no breath sounds heard in the left chest. A tension pneumothorax is
relieved by immediate needle decompression and tube
thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 144 beats
per minute, his respiratory rate decreases to 36 breaths per minute
and his blood pressure is 81/53 mmHg. Warmed Ringers lactate is
administered intravenously. The next priority should be to:
A. Perform external fixation of the pelvis
B. Obtain abdominal and pelvic CT-scans
C. Perform arterial embolization of the pelvic vessel
D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
E. Perform a urethrogram and cystogram
: D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
10. A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a
closed head injury, multiple palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral
femur fractures. He is intubated orotracheally without difficulty.
Initially, his ventilations are easily assisted with a bag-mask device.
It becomes more difficult to ventilate the patient over the next 5
minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation level decreases
from 98% to 89%. The most appropriate next step is to:
1. Which of the following is the recommended Method for treatment
frostbite?
A. Vasodilators
B. Anticoagulants
C. Warm (40 ° C) water
D. Padding and elevation
E. Application of heat from a hairdryer
: C. Warm (40 ° C) water
2. Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of
hypotension other than spinal cord injury?
A. Priapism
B. Bradycardia
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend them
: D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes.
Spinal shock refers to loss of muscle toe (flaccidity) and loss of reflexes.
3. The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level
trauma
center is:
A. Unavailability of surgeon or operating staff
B. Multiple system injuries, including severe head injury
C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
,D. Resource limitations as determined by the hospital
administration
E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma
: C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
4. A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is
brought promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is
cool and diaphoretic, and his systolic blood pressure is 58 mmHg.
Warmed crystalloid fluids are initiated without improvement in his
vital signs. The next, most appropriate, step is to perform:
A. A laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage
: A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic abnormality
5. A 42-year-old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his
overturned tractor for several hours before medical assistance
arrives. He is awake and alert until just before arriving in the ED. He
is now unconscious and responds only to painful stimuli by moaning.
His pupils are 3 mm in diameter and symmetrically reactive to light.
Prehospital personnel indicate that they have not seen the patient
move either of his lower extremities. On examination in the ED, no
movement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response
to painful stimuli. The most likely cause for this finding is:
A. An epidural hematoma
B. A pelvic fracture
C. Central cord syndrome
D. Intracerebral hemorrhage
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome
,: C. Central cord syndrome
6. A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED.
He is lethargic but withdraws purposefully from painful stimuli. His
blood pressure is 90 mmHg systolic, heart rate 140 beats per
minute and his respiratory rate is 36 breaths per minute. The
preferred route of venous access in this patient is:
A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankle
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
E. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein
: D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
7. A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is
brought promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is
cool and diaphoretic, and he is confused. His pulse is thready and
his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable. The definitive treatment
in managing this patient is to:
A. Administer O-negative blood
B. Apply external warming devices
C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
D. Apply a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)
E. Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solutions.
: C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
8. Regarding shock in the child, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Vital signs are age-related
, B. Children have greater physiologic reserves than do adults
C. Tachycardia is the primary physiologic response to hypovolemia
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is
the same as in adults
E. An initial fluid bolus for resuscitation should approximate 20
ml/kg Ringers Lactate:
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same
as in adults
9. A 33-year-old man is struck by a car travelling at 56 km/h (35
mph). He has obvious fractures of the left tibia near the knee, pain
in the pelvic area, and severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 182 beats
per minute, and his respiratory rate is 48 breaths per minute with
no breath sounds heard in the left chest. A tension pneumothorax is
relieved by immediate needle decompression and tube
thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 144 beats
per minute, his respiratory rate decreases to 36 breaths per minute
and his blood pressure is 81/53 mmHg. Warmed Ringers lactate is
administered intravenously. The next priority should be to:
A. Perform external fixation of the pelvis
B. Obtain abdominal and pelvic CT-scans
C. Perform arterial embolization of the pelvic vessel
D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
E. Perform a urethrogram and cystogram
: D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
10. A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a
closed head injury, multiple palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral
femur fractures. He is intubated orotracheally without difficulty.
Initially, his ventilations are easily assisted with a bag-mask device.
It becomes more difficult to ventilate the patient over the next 5
minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation level decreases
from 98% to 89%. The most appropriate next step is to:
