Jersey College A&P Final Exam
Oligodendrocytes - Form myelin sheath in CNS
Microglia - Act as phagocytes to remove pathogens, impurities, and dead neurons
Ependymal - A type of CNS supporting cell; lines the central cavities of the brain and spinal cord;
synthesize CSF and promote its movement
cervical nodes - located in the neck in deep and superficial groups, drain parts of head and neck
axillary nodes - located in armpits
what are the parts of the lymphatic system? - tonsils, thymus, spleen, peyer patch, small intestine,
appendix, lymph nodes and vessels
functions of the lymphatic system - fluid balance, protection, and absorption of fats
lymphatic circulation is - one-way system that begins in the tissues and ends when the lymph joins
the blood
lymphatic capillaries - walls (endothelium) flattened epithelial cells, more permeable, cells overlap
slightly, forming one-way valves, lacteals absorb fat, arise blindly (closed at one end)
lymphatic vessels - include superficial and deep sets, right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct
right lymphatic duct - short vessel receives only lymph that comes from the body's superior right
quadrant and empties into right subclavian vein near heart
,thoracic duct - receives lymph from all parts of the body except those superior to the diaphragm
on the right side; drains into thee left subclavian vein
cisterna chyli - first part of the thoracic duct enlarged to form cistern or a temp storage pouch
what is the lymphatic system? - system of tissues and vessels scattered throughout the body and
services almost all regions
movement of lymph toward heart is caused by: - valves in lymphatic vessels
contraction of lymphatic vessels
skeletal muscle contraction
breathing
roughly how many lymph nodes are in the body? - about 600
lymphoid tissue - distributed throughout the body and makes up specialized organs
lymph nodes - small masses of lymphatic tissue that filter the lymph
lymph - fluid that circulates in the lymphatic system, clear fluid;
hilum - indented area that is the exit point for efferent lymphatic vessels carrying lymph out of the
node
tracheobronchial nodes - near the trachea and around the larger bronchial tubes
mesenteric nodes - found between the two layers of peritoneum that form the mesentry, 100-150
nodes
Inguinal nodes - located in groin region, receive lymph drainage from lower extremities and from
external reproductive organs
, buboes - enlarged Inguinal nodes
the spleen - cleanses blood through filtration and phagocytosis, destroys old blood cells, produces
red blood cells before birth, serves as a reservoir for blood
splenectomy - surgical removal of the the spleen
lacteals - specialized lymphatic capillaries in the lining of the small intestine that absorb fats
the thymus - plays a role in early immune system development, t cells mature, shrinks after
puberty, produce thymosin
appendix - fingerlike tube of lymphatic tissue that figures into the development of immunity
Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) - important barrier against infection; found in
portions of digestive, respiratory, and urogenital mucosal linings; helps to destroy contaminants by
means of phagocytosis and production of antibodies
gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) - largest aggregations of MALT found in the digestive tract
tonsils - protect against inhaled or ingested contaminants; trap pathogens;surgery to treat if
become infected or swollen and reoccurs which makes swallowing and breathing difficult
palatine tonsils - oval bodies located at each side of the soft palate; generally what one refers to
as "tonsils"
pharyngeal tonsil - commonly called adenoid; located behind the nose on the posterior wall of
pharynx
Oligodendrocytes - Form myelin sheath in CNS
Microglia - Act as phagocytes to remove pathogens, impurities, and dead neurons
Ependymal - A type of CNS supporting cell; lines the central cavities of the brain and spinal cord;
synthesize CSF and promote its movement
cervical nodes - located in the neck in deep and superficial groups, drain parts of head and neck
axillary nodes - located in armpits
what are the parts of the lymphatic system? - tonsils, thymus, spleen, peyer patch, small intestine,
appendix, lymph nodes and vessels
functions of the lymphatic system - fluid balance, protection, and absorption of fats
lymphatic circulation is - one-way system that begins in the tissues and ends when the lymph joins
the blood
lymphatic capillaries - walls (endothelium) flattened epithelial cells, more permeable, cells overlap
slightly, forming one-way valves, lacteals absorb fat, arise blindly (closed at one end)
lymphatic vessels - include superficial and deep sets, right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct
right lymphatic duct - short vessel receives only lymph that comes from the body's superior right
quadrant and empties into right subclavian vein near heart
,thoracic duct - receives lymph from all parts of the body except those superior to the diaphragm
on the right side; drains into thee left subclavian vein
cisterna chyli - first part of the thoracic duct enlarged to form cistern or a temp storage pouch
what is the lymphatic system? - system of tissues and vessels scattered throughout the body and
services almost all regions
movement of lymph toward heart is caused by: - valves in lymphatic vessels
contraction of lymphatic vessels
skeletal muscle contraction
breathing
roughly how many lymph nodes are in the body? - about 600
lymphoid tissue - distributed throughout the body and makes up specialized organs
lymph nodes - small masses of lymphatic tissue that filter the lymph
lymph - fluid that circulates in the lymphatic system, clear fluid;
hilum - indented area that is the exit point for efferent lymphatic vessels carrying lymph out of the
node
tracheobronchial nodes - near the trachea and around the larger bronchial tubes
mesenteric nodes - found between the two layers of peritoneum that form the mesentry, 100-150
nodes
Inguinal nodes - located in groin region, receive lymph drainage from lower extremities and from
external reproductive organs
, buboes - enlarged Inguinal nodes
the spleen - cleanses blood through filtration and phagocytosis, destroys old blood cells, produces
red blood cells before birth, serves as a reservoir for blood
splenectomy - surgical removal of the the spleen
lacteals - specialized lymphatic capillaries in the lining of the small intestine that absorb fats
the thymus - plays a role in early immune system development, t cells mature, shrinks after
puberty, produce thymosin
appendix - fingerlike tube of lymphatic tissue that figures into the development of immunity
Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) - important barrier against infection; found in
portions of digestive, respiratory, and urogenital mucosal linings; helps to destroy contaminants by
means of phagocytosis and production of antibodies
gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) - largest aggregations of MALT found in the digestive tract
tonsils - protect against inhaled or ingested contaminants; trap pathogens;surgery to treat if
become infected or swollen and reoccurs which makes swallowing and breathing difficult
palatine tonsils - oval bodies located at each side of the soft palate; generally what one refers to
as "tonsils"
pharyngeal tonsil - commonly called adenoid; located behind the nose on the posterior wall of
pharynx
