Jersey College Health Assessments
Final Review
bronchovesicular breath sounds - sounds that are heard over major bronchi that are usually
moderate in pitch and intensity; inspiration and expiration are equal
fine crackles - short high pitched sounds during inspiration; pneumonia
coarse crackles - loud, bubbly noise heard during inspiration; not cleared by a cough; edema and
pulmonary fibrosis
pallor can be associated with? - arterial sufficiency, decreased blood supply, and anemia
acanthosis nigricans? - dark skin folds especially on the neck, groin, and axilla
albinism? - lack or loss of pigmentation
vitiligo? - depigmentation of the skin
striae? - stretch marks
myopia? - floaters or spots, can't see far
night blindness? - vitamin A deficiency
myoclonus? - sudden jerks of hands and feet
outer layer of the skin? - epidermis
,layers of the epidermis? - stratum corneum (outermost layer), lucidum, grandulosum, and
germinativum (innermost layer)
inner layer of the skin? - dermis
attach to the hair follicles. Secrete an oily substance called sebum that water proofs the hair and skin? -
sebaceous galnds
what are your sweat glands? - apocrine and eccrine
secretions of sweat and thermoregulation by evaporation? - eccrine glands
hair follicles in the axilla, perineum, and areola? - apocrine sweat glands
glaucoma - increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with
loss of vision
macular degeneration - breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or
complete loss of central vision
papilledema - swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye
through the optic disk
temporal lobe - hearing
occipital lobe - vision-reading
fasciculations? - Involuntary contractions or twitchings of muscle fibers EX: lower motor neuron
, tics - involuntary muscular twitching, usually in the facial muscles
amsler test - used to evaluate visual field defects. lines with dots
Snellen chart - used to measure visual acuity
E chart - used if client cannot read or has a handicap that prevents verbal communication;
configured just like Snellen chart but characters are only E's, which face in all directions
Jaeger chart - a chart for testing near vision.
presbyopia - impaired vision as a result of aging. can't see near (farsightedness)
strabismus? - crossed eyes
rinne test - hearing acuity test performed with a vibrating tuning fork that is first placed on the
mastoid process and then in front of the external auditory canal to test bone and air conduction
weber test - Test done by placing the stem of a vibrating tuning fork on the midline of the head
and having the patient indicate in which ear the tone can be heard.
Romberg test - -ask client to stand with feet at comfortable distance apart, arms at sides, and eyes
closed
-expected finding: client should be able to stand with minimal swaying for at least 5 seconds (cranial
nerve 8)
acute otitis media - usually associated with an upper respiratory infection and is most commonly
seen in young children
red, bulging tympanic membrane
Final Review
bronchovesicular breath sounds - sounds that are heard over major bronchi that are usually
moderate in pitch and intensity; inspiration and expiration are equal
fine crackles - short high pitched sounds during inspiration; pneumonia
coarse crackles - loud, bubbly noise heard during inspiration; not cleared by a cough; edema and
pulmonary fibrosis
pallor can be associated with? - arterial sufficiency, decreased blood supply, and anemia
acanthosis nigricans? - dark skin folds especially on the neck, groin, and axilla
albinism? - lack or loss of pigmentation
vitiligo? - depigmentation of the skin
striae? - stretch marks
myopia? - floaters or spots, can't see far
night blindness? - vitamin A deficiency
myoclonus? - sudden jerks of hands and feet
outer layer of the skin? - epidermis
,layers of the epidermis? - stratum corneum (outermost layer), lucidum, grandulosum, and
germinativum (innermost layer)
inner layer of the skin? - dermis
attach to the hair follicles. Secrete an oily substance called sebum that water proofs the hair and skin? -
sebaceous galnds
what are your sweat glands? - apocrine and eccrine
secretions of sweat and thermoregulation by evaporation? - eccrine glands
hair follicles in the axilla, perineum, and areola? - apocrine sweat glands
glaucoma - increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with
loss of vision
macular degeneration - breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or
complete loss of central vision
papilledema - swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye
through the optic disk
temporal lobe - hearing
occipital lobe - vision-reading
fasciculations? - Involuntary contractions or twitchings of muscle fibers EX: lower motor neuron
, tics - involuntary muscular twitching, usually in the facial muscles
amsler test - used to evaluate visual field defects. lines with dots
Snellen chart - used to measure visual acuity
E chart - used if client cannot read or has a handicap that prevents verbal communication;
configured just like Snellen chart but characters are only E's, which face in all directions
Jaeger chart - a chart for testing near vision.
presbyopia - impaired vision as a result of aging. can't see near (farsightedness)
strabismus? - crossed eyes
rinne test - hearing acuity test performed with a vibrating tuning fork that is first placed on the
mastoid process and then in front of the external auditory canal to test bone and air conduction
weber test - Test done by placing the stem of a vibrating tuning fork on the midline of the head
and having the patient indicate in which ear the tone can be heard.
Romberg test - -ask client to stand with feet at comfortable distance apart, arms at sides, and eyes
closed
-expected finding: client should be able to stand with minimal swaying for at least 5 seconds (cranial
nerve 8)
acute otitis media - usually associated with an upper respiratory infection and is most commonly
seen in young children
red, bulging tympanic membrane
