NURS 422 Midterm Exam With
Solution
Define leadership - ANSWER -Process of engaging and influencing others
-Visionary, energetic, inspirational, innovative
-Critical thinking, action and advocacy
Define management - ANSWER - Associated with traditional formal authority
positions
- Ensuring people have the necessary resources to get a job done
- Set-goals and objectives and ensure they are completed in time/budget
Define followership - ANSWER - Engaging with leaders/managers to do the
work that needs to be done
- Promote team effectiveness, take initiative, are self-directed, understand
expectations, deal with problems, show appreciation, provide recognition,
challenge flawed plans/proposals
Key personal attributes needed to lead, manage and follow - ANSWER -
Ethical Responsibility: Beneficence, Autonomy, Truthfulness, Confidentiality,
Justice and Integrity
- Patient-centered care
- Emotional Intelligence
- Resilience
,- Mindfulness
Classic theories - ANSWER Great man theory, trait theories, situational
theories
great man theory - ANSWER - One is a leader if born into the right family
(usually nobility)
- Failed to recognize that there was more to leadership than having royal
blood
Trait theories - ANSWER - Attempted to distinguish leaders from other
people and identify universal characteristics of leadership
- No qualities were found that were universal to all leaders
situational theories - ANSWER - Gave recognition to the situation and
environment as determining the effectiveness of a leader
- "A leader is a person who is in a position to institute change when a
situation was ready for it" → leader did not plan for change nor was the
leader chosen by a group of followers (just happened to be in the right place
at the right time + took action to resolve a crisis)
- Failed to acknowledge the importance of followers
contemporary theories - ANSWER transformational leadership, servant
leadership, authentic leadership, interactive leadership, adaptive leadership,
innovative leadership, foresight leadership, appreciative leadership,
complexity theory, human becoming leading-following model
transformational leadership - ANSWER An essence of shared ownership
coming from those who have similar internal values
, 4 processes
- Idealized influence (leader assists follower to increase confidence, resp and
trust), inspirational motivation (teaching the follower to be empowering,
goal-oriented and responsible), individualized consideration (assisting
follower to increase self-esteem, continue working hard and self-actualize)
and intellectual stimulation (assisting follow to be creative, expand on ideas,
find new approaches to solve problems)
These leaders empower others to achieve extraordinary outcomes and
develop their own leadership capacity
servant leadership - ANSWER - To be successful, one must be a leader and a
servant to others (seen as servant first)
- Concerned more with how others feel about them, not what they think
about them
authentic leadership - ANSWER Self-awareness, relational transparency
(honest two-way communication), balanced information processing (taking
the time to explore other options before making a decision), internalized
moral perspective (moral compass)
interactive leadership - ANSWER - Believes that people perform best when
they feel good about themselves and their work and try to create
environments that contribute to that feeling
- Inclusion is at the core
- Encourage participation, use conversational style of communication and
enhance self-worth of others
- Requires time and given up some control, opens the door to criticism and
Solution
Define leadership - ANSWER -Process of engaging and influencing others
-Visionary, energetic, inspirational, innovative
-Critical thinking, action and advocacy
Define management - ANSWER - Associated with traditional formal authority
positions
- Ensuring people have the necessary resources to get a job done
- Set-goals and objectives and ensure they are completed in time/budget
Define followership - ANSWER - Engaging with leaders/managers to do the
work that needs to be done
- Promote team effectiveness, take initiative, are self-directed, understand
expectations, deal with problems, show appreciation, provide recognition,
challenge flawed plans/proposals
Key personal attributes needed to lead, manage and follow - ANSWER -
Ethical Responsibility: Beneficence, Autonomy, Truthfulness, Confidentiality,
Justice and Integrity
- Patient-centered care
- Emotional Intelligence
- Resilience
,- Mindfulness
Classic theories - ANSWER Great man theory, trait theories, situational
theories
great man theory - ANSWER - One is a leader if born into the right family
(usually nobility)
- Failed to recognize that there was more to leadership than having royal
blood
Trait theories - ANSWER - Attempted to distinguish leaders from other
people and identify universal characteristics of leadership
- No qualities were found that were universal to all leaders
situational theories - ANSWER - Gave recognition to the situation and
environment as determining the effectiveness of a leader
- "A leader is a person who is in a position to institute change when a
situation was ready for it" → leader did not plan for change nor was the
leader chosen by a group of followers (just happened to be in the right place
at the right time + took action to resolve a crisis)
- Failed to acknowledge the importance of followers
contemporary theories - ANSWER transformational leadership, servant
leadership, authentic leadership, interactive leadership, adaptive leadership,
innovative leadership, foresight leadership, appreciative leadership,
complexity theory, human becoming leading-following model
transformational leadership - ANSWER An essence of shared ownership
coming from those who have similar internal values
, 4 processes
- Idealized influence (leader assists follower to increase confidence, resp and
trust), inspirational motivation (teaching the follower to be empowering,
goal-oriented and responsible), individualized consideration (assisting
follower to increase self-esteem, continue working hard and self-actualize)
and intellectual stimulation (assisting follow to be creative, expand on ideas,
find new approaches to solve problems)
These leaders empower others to achieve extraordinary outcomes and
develop their own leadership capacity
servant leadership - ANSWER - To be successful, one must be a leader and a
servant to others (seen as servant first)
- Concerned more with how others feel about them, not what they think
about them
authentic leadership - ANSWER Self-awareness, relational transparency
(honest two-way communication), balanced information processing (taking
the time to explore other options before making a decision), internalized
moral perspective (moral compass)
interactive leadership - ANSWER - Believes that people perform best when
they feel good about themselves and their work and try to create
environments that contribute to that feeling
- Inclusion is at the core
- Encourage participation, use conversational style of communication and
enhance self-worth of others
- Requires time and given up some control, opens the door to criticism and
