PPR 160| QUESTIONS & ANSWERS VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100%|GRADE
A+|LATEST 2024/2025
sensoriomotor stage - ✔✔0-2 reality based schemes. Reflex actions-goal directed activities. Object
permanence emerges.
Schemes (Piaget) - ✔✔Mental patterns that guide behavior. Cognitive structures that help individual
process and organize info to make sense of their environment.
preoperational stage - ✔✔2-7 years. Language development. Symbolic play. Egocentrism. Play
demonstrates increasing imaginative capacity. Inability to understand another's point of view.
Assimilation - ✔✔Understanding of new experiences in terms of existing schemes.
concrete operational stage - ✔✔7-11. Elementary grade years. Solves concrete-hands on problems in
logical fashion. Understands law of conservation.
Seriation - ✔✔(Piaget) ability to sort objects or situations by size, color, shape or type.
conservation - ✔✔the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same
despite changes in the forms of objects
formal operational stage - ✔✔11-adulthood. Engage in logical, abstract and hypothetical thought.
Develop hypothesis. Concerns about social issues & identity.
disequilibration - ✔✔Imbalance between what a child understands and what the child encounters
through new experiences.
Equilibration (Piaget) - ✔✔The process of restoring balance between present understanding and new
experiences.(how children shift from one stage of thought to another)
, Autonomous Morality (Piaget) - ✔✔10+ years morality is not a matter of obeying external authorities,
but rather, moral rules grow out of human relationships and we must respect people's differing
opinions.
Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development - ✔✔8 stages from infancy to old age. Healthy
personality results from successfully completing each stage.
trust vs mistrust stage - ✔✔Erickson 0-1 yr. period during which infants develop a sense of trust or
mistrust, largely depending on how well their needs are met by their caregivers. Optimism and hope.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - ✔✔Erikson's stage 1-3yrs in which a toddler learns to exercise will and
to do things independently; failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt (Erikson) - ✔✔Erikson's third psychosocial crisis, in which children undertake new skills
and activities and feel guilty when they do not succeed at them 3-6 years.
Industry vs. Inferiority - ✔✔Erikson's stage between 6 and 11 years, when the child learns to be
productive
identity vs. role confusion - ✔✔Erikson's stage during which teenagers and young adults search for and
become their true selves. 12-20 years.
identity confusion - ✔✔Erikson's term for uncertainty about who one is and where one is going
Intimacy vs. Isolation - ✔✔Erikson's stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships,
marry, begin families. 21-39. 1st stage of adult development.
Generativity vs. Stagnation - ✔✔Erikson's stage of social development in which middle-aged people
begin to devote themselves more to fulfilling one's potential and doing public service. 2nd stage of adult
development.
A+|LATEST 2024/2025
sensoriomotor stage - ✔✔0-2 reality based schemes. Reflex actions-goal directed activities. Object
permanence emerges.
Schemes (Piaget) - ✔✔Mental patterns that guide behavior. Cognitive structures that help individual
process and organize info to make sense of their environment.
preoperational stage - ✔✔2-7 years. Language development. Symbolic play. Egocentrism. Play
demonstrates increasing imaginative capacity. Inability to understand another's point of view.
Assimilation - ✔✔Understanding of new experiences in terms of existing schemes.
concrete operational stage - ✔✔7-11. Elementary grade years. Solves concrete-hands on problems in
logical fashion. Understands law of conservation.
Seriation - ✔✔(Piaget) ability to sort objects or situations by size, color, shape or type.
conservation - ✔✔the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same
despite changes in the forms of objects
formal operational stage - ✔✔11-adulthood. Engage in logical, abstract and hypothetical thought.
Develop hypothesis. Concerns about social issues & identity.
disequilibration - ✔✔Imbalance between what a child understands and what the child encounters
through new experiences.
Equilibration (Piaget) - ✔✔The process of restoring balance between present understanding and new
experiences.(how children shift from one stage of thought to another)
, Autonomous Morality (Piaget) - ✔✔10+ years morality is not a matter of obeying external authorities,
but rather, moral rules grow out of human relationships and we must respect people's differing
opinions.
Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development - ✔✔8 stages from infancy to old age. Healthy
personality results from successfully completing each stage.
trust vs mistrust stage - ✔✔Erickson 0-1 yr. period during which infants develop a sense of trust or
mistrust, largely depending on how well their needs are met by their caregivers. Optimism and hope.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - ✔✔Erikson's stage 1-3yrs in which a toddler learns to exercise will and
to do things independently; failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt (Erikson) - ✔✔Erikson's third psychosocial crisis, in which children undertake new skills
and activities and feel guilty when they do not succeed at them 3-6 years.
Industry vs. Inferiority - ✔✔Erikson's stage between 6 and 11 years, when the child learns to be
productive
identity vs. role confusion - ✔✔Erikson's stage during which teenagers and young adults search for and
become their true selves. 12-20 years.
identity confusion - ✔✔Erikson's term for uncertainty about who one is and where one is going
Intimacy vs. Isolation - ✔✔Erikson's stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships,
marry, begin families. 21-39. 1st stage of adult development.
Generativity vs. Stagnation - ✔✔Erikson's stage of social development in which middle-aged people
begin to devote themselves more to fulfilling one's potential and doing public service. 2nd stage of adult
development.
