GALEN MED SURG EXAM 2
A male client has been experiencing seizures and is in the hospital for tests. While in
the hospital setting, the client experiences a seizure. Which of the following should the
nurse do?
a. Restrain the client's arms and legs.
b. Take measures to prevent injury.
c. Place a tongue blade in the client's mouth.
d. Elevate the head of the bed. - answer- b. Take measures to prevent injury.
The nurse is managing a client with new-onset seizure activity and is to provide
phenytoin. The nurse should be aware that Phenytoin
a. causes tissue vesication if infiltrated
b. has the most rapid onset of action of seizure medications
c. must be administered in dextrose
d. administration can result in hypertension - answer- a. causes tissue vesication if
infiltrated
The nurse is performing patient education regarding medications used to prevent
migraines. Which of the following medications should the nurse explain as potential
treatments?
a. Anti-seizure drugs
b. Anti-depressant drugs
c. Beta-blockers
d. All of these - answer- d. All of these
A nurse is in a client's room when the client begins having a tonic-clonic seizure. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Turn the client's head to the side.
b. Check the client's motor strength.
c. Loosen the clothing around the client's waist.
d. Document the time the seizure began. - answer- a. Turn the client's head to the side.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson's disease and is taking
diphenhydramine 25 mg PO TID. Which of the following therapeutic outcomes should
the nurse expect to see?
a. Delay in disease progression
b. Improved bladder function
c. Relief of depression
d. Decreased tremors - answer- d. Decreased tremors
,A nurse is caring for a client who who has had a stroke involving the right hemisphere.
Which of the following alterations in function should the nurse expect?
a. Difficulty reading
b. Inability to recognize his family members
c. Right hemiparesis
d. Aphasia - answer- b. Inability to recognize his family members
The right hemisphere is involved with visual and spatial awareness.
A white lipid covering of axons - answer- myelin sheath
As the nurse you are providing care for a client who has a diagnosis of macular
degeneration. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend for this client?
Select all that apply.
a. Sweet potatoes
b. red meat
c. chicken
d. broccoli - answer- a. Sweet potatoes
d. broccoli
This is the area in the brain which controls speech - answer- Broca's area
This is the area in the brain which controls language processing - answer- Wernicke's
area
Area at the base of the brain where the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries
join together - answer- Circle of Willis
Involves altered LOC. Patient may have amnesia after the seizure. Hard to diagnose
because it can resemble dementia - answer- Complex epilepsy
Affects entire brain - answer- Generalized epilepsy
Generalized seizure involving sudden, brief LOC, usually in children. Appears that they
are staring off into space - answer- Absence epilepsy
Brief muscle jerks, lasts seconds - answer- Myoclonic
Involves brief loss of tone. Can be confused with fainting - answer- Atonic
A patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patient's oxygen
flow rate should be set to no more than _____ L/min. - answer- 2-4
, The client is prescribed to have 80% oxygen administered continuously in a noninvasive
manner. Which type of delivery system should you select to meet these criteria? -
answer- Nasal cannula
Which finding below represents a positive Romberg Sign in a patient with multiple
sclerosis?
A. The patient report dark spots in the visual fields during the confrontation visual field
test.
B. When the patient closes the eyes and stands with their feet together they start to lose
their balance and sway back and forth.
C. The patient's sign and symptoms increase when expose to hot temperatures.
D. The patient reports an electric shock feeling when the head and neck are moved
downward. - answer- B. This is an example of a positive Romberg's Sign.
1. While walking to the bathroom a patient begins having a generalized tonic-clonic
seizure. What should the nurse do first?
a. Reduce external stimuli.
b. Maintain the patients airway.
c. Maintain the patients privacy.
d. Perform a brief neurological assessment. - answer- ANS: B
The prime objective in caring for a patient experiencing a seizure is to prevent injury.
Maintain a patent airway, and if possible, turn the patient on his or her side to prevent
aspiration if vomiting occurs. Do not force an airway or anything else into the patients
mouth once the seizure has begun. C. D. Assessment and privacy are important, but
airway always takes priority. A. Reducing stimuli will not help once the seizure has
begun.
A patient with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder is being prepared for discharge. What
medication should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the patient to prevent
recurrent seizures?
a. Selegiline (Eldepryl)
b. Haloperidol (Haldol)
c. Gabapentin (Neurontin)
d. Dexamethasone (Decadron) - answer- ANS: C
Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant agent. D. Dexamethasone is a steroid. B. Haloperidol
is an antipsychotic agent. A. Selegiline is used to treat Parkinsons disease.
3.A 17-year-old patient with a new onset of seizures is diagnosed with epilepsy. What
should the nurse include in the patient teaching?
a. Aspirin can inhibit the action of anticonvulsants.
b. Sudden withdrawal of anticonvulsants can lead to status epilepticus.
c. Anticonvulsants must be taken frequently during the day to prevent seizures.
d. When the seizures have been controlled, the medications can be discontinued. -
answer- ANS: B
Sudden discontinuance of a medication can result in status epilepticus. A. Aspirin does
not interfere with anticonvulsants each drug has different interactions that should be
A male client has been experiencing seizures and is in the hospital for tests. While in
the hospital setting, the client experiences a seizure. Which of the following should the
nurse do?
a. Restrain the client's arms and legs.
b. Take measures to prevent injury.
c. Place a tongue blade in the client's mouth.
d. Elevate the head of the bed. - answer- b. Take measures to prevent injury.
The nurse is managing a client with new-onset seizure activity and is to provide
phenytoin. The nurse should be aware that Phenytoin
a. causes tissue vesication if infiltrated
b. has the most rapid onset of action of seizure medications
c. must be administered in dextrose
d. administration can result in hypertension - answer- a. causes tissue vesication if
infiltrated
The nurse is performing patient education regarding medications used to prevent
migraines. Which of the following medications should the nurse explain as potential
treatments?
a. Anti-seizure drugs
b. Anti-depressant drugs
c. Beta-blockers
d. All of these - answer- d. All of these
A nurse is in a client's room when the client begins having a tonic-clonic seizure. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Turn the client's head to the side.
b. Check the client's motor strength.
c. Loosen the clothing around the client's waist.
d. Document the time the seizure began. - answer- a. Turn the client's head to the side.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson's disease and is taking
diphenhydramine 25 mg PO TID. Which of the following therapeutic outcomes should
the nurse expect to see?
a. Delay in disease progression
b. Improved bladder function
c. Relief of depression
d. Decreased tremors - answer- d. Decreased tremors
,A nurse is caring for a client who who has had a stroke involving the right hemisphere.
Which of the following alterations in function should the nurse expect?
a. Difficulty reading
b. Inability to recognize his family members
c. Right hemiparesis
d. Aphasia - answer- b. Inability to recognize his family members
The right hemisphere is involved with visual and spatial awareness.
A white lipid covering of axons - answer- myelin sheath
As the nurse you are providing care for a client who has a diagnosis of macular
degeneration. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend for this client?
Select all that apply.
a. Sweet potatoes
b. red meat
c. chicken
d. broccoli - answer- a. Sweet potatoes
d. broccoli
This is the area in the brain which controls speech - answer- Broca's area
This is the area in the brain which controls language processing - answer- Wernicke's
area
Area at the base of the brain where the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries
join together - answer- Circle of Willis
Involves altered LOC. Patient may have amnesia after the seizure. Hard to diagnose
because it can resemble dementia - answer- Complex epilepsy
Affects entire brain - answer- Generalized epilepsy
Generalized seizure involving sudden, brief LOC, usually in children. Appears that they
are staring off into space - answer- Absence epilepsy
Brief muscle jerks, lasts seconds - answer- Myoclonic
Involves brief loss of tone. Can be confused with fainting - answer- Atonic
A patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patient's oxygen
flow rate should be set to no more than _____ L/min. - answer- 2-4
, The client is prescribed to have 80% oxygen administered continuously in a noninvasive
manner. Which type of delivery system should you select to meet these criteria? -
answer- Nasal cannula
Which finding below represents a positive Romberg Sign in a patient with multiple
sclerosis?
A. The patient report dark spots in the visual fields during the confrontation visual field
test.
B. When the patient closes the eyes and stands with their feet together they start to lose
their balance and sway back and forth.
C. The patient's sign and symptoms increase when expose to hot temperatures.
D. The patient reports an electric shock feeling when the head and neck are moved
downward. - answer- B. This is an example of a positive Romberg's Sign.
1. While walking to the bathroom a patient begins having a generalized tonic-clonic
seizure. What should the nurse do first?
a. Reduce external stimuli.
b. Maintain the patients airway.
c. Maintain the patients privacy.
d. Perform a brief neurological assessment. - answer- ANS: B
The prime objective in caring for a patient experiencing a seizure is to prevent injury.
Maintain a patent airway, and if possible, turn the patient on his or her side to prevent
aspiration if vomiting occurs. Do not force an airway or anything else into the patients
mouth once the seizure has begun. C. D. Assessment and privacy are important, but
airway always takes priority. A. Reducing stimuli will not help once the seizure has
begun.
A patient with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder is being prepared for discharge. What
medication should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the patient to prevent
recurrent seizures?
a. Selegiline (Eldepryl)
b. Haloperidol (Haldol)
c. Gabapentin (Neurontin)
d. Dexamethasone (Decadron) - answer- ANS: C
Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant agent. D. Dexamethasone is a steroid. B. Haloperidol
is an antipsychotic agent. A. Selegiline is used to treat Parkinsons disease.
3.A 17-year-old patient with a new onset of seizures is diagnosed with epilepsy. What
should the nurse include in the patient teaching?
a. Aspirin can inhibit the action of anticonvulsants.
b. Sudden withdrawal of anticonvulsants can lead to status epilepticus.
c. Anticonvulsants must be taken frequently during the day to prevent seizures.
d. When the seizures have been controlled, the medications can be discontinued. -
answer- ANS: B
Sudden discontinuance of a medication can result in status epilepticus. A. Aspirin does
not interfere with anticonvulsants each drug has different interactions that should be
