UConn Bio 1108 Final Exam Quiz and Lecture Questions
1.Which one of the following is a selective advantage of simple multicellularity over
single-celled
organisms?: Multicellularity helps organisms avoid predation.
2.Which one of the following organisms has coenocytic organization?: some
green algae
3.Why do mitochondria and chloroplasts have small genome?: They have
small genomes because over time, much of their nucleic acid has migrated to the host
cell
nucleus.
4.Some slime molds make structures called plasmodia which:: contain many
nuclei in one large cell.
5.Chloroplasts have outer and an inner membranes that separate the stroma and
thylakoids from the
cytoplasm. What is believed to be the origin of the outer membrane of the chloroplast?:
It is the remnant of the ancient host cell's plasma membrane following endocytosis
of the
cyanobacteria.
6.The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The
lightcolored
form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution.
,In
the mid-nineteenth century, a dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced
by
a dominant allele of one gene. By about 1900, approximately 90% of the moths around
industrial areas were dark colored, whereas light-colored moths were still abundant
elsewhere. Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the soot-
darkened
background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths.
Recently, use
of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-col- ored moths
have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered sepa- rate
species?: No
7.Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs
that
sound different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the
populations came in contact?: a prezygotic isolating mechanism
, 8.How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?:
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
9.polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups?:
The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
10.One reason we see relatively little genetic variation among human regional
populations
is that:: humans migrated out of Africa so recently that we haven't had enough time for
regional variation to accumulate
11.The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of
individuals in that population. In general, in a sample of n
individuals, the frequency of an allele is: he number of occurrences of the allele divided
by twice the
number of individuals in the sample (2n).
12.If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can
conclude that:: evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-
Weinberg equilibrium has been violated.
13.The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the terminal buds of goldenrod
plants. Larvae chew through the buds and into the stems, where their saliva
induces the plant to generate a gall (an outgrowth of tissue). This gall then
provides food and shelter for the developing larva. The larvae are prey of
both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on larvae inside the
smallest
galls while birds selectively prey on larvae inside the largest galls. Goldenrod gall
1.Which one of the following is a selective advantage of simple multicellularity over
single-celled
organisms?: Multicellularity helps organisms avoid predation.
2.Which one of the following organisms has coenocytic organization?: some
green algae
3.Why do mitochondria and chloroplasts have small genome?: They have
small genomes because over time, much of their nucleic acid has migrated to the host
cell
nucleus.
4.Some slime molds make structures called plasmodia which:: contain many
nuclei in one large cell.
5.Chloroplasts have outer and an inner membranes that separate the stroma and
thylakoids from the
cytoplasm. What is believed to be the origin of the outer membrane of the chloroplast?:
It is the remnant of the ancient host cell's plasma membrane following endocytosis
of the
cyanobacteria.
6.The peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. The
lightcolored
form of the moth was predominant in England before the industrial revolution.
,In
the mid-nineteenth century, a dark-colored form appeared. The difference is produced
by
a dominant allele of one gene. By about 1900, approximately 90% of the moths around
industrial areas were dark colored, whereas light-colored moths were still abundant
elsewhere. Apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the soot-
darkened
background in industrial areas and therefore were eating more light moths.
Recently, use
of cleaner fuels has greatly reduced soot in the landscape, and the dark-col- ored moths
have been disappearing. Should the two forms of moths be considered sepa- rate
species?: No
7.Three populations of crickets look very similar, but the males have courtship songs
that
sound different. What function would this difference in song likely serve if the
populations came in contact?: a prezygotic isolating mechanism
, 8.How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?:
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
9.polytomy is a graphical depiction of what type of relationship between groups?:
The common ancestor node with no resolution among descendant groups.
10.One reason we see relatively little genetic variation among human regional
populations
is that:: humans migrated out of Africa so recently that we haven't had enough time for
regional variation to accumulate
11.The term "n" refers to the size of a population, that is, the number of
individuals in that population. In general, in a sample of n
individuals, the frequency of an allele is: he number of occurrences of the allele divided
by twice the
number of individuals in the sample (2n).
12.If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can
conclude that:: evolution has occurred because one of the assumptions of the Hardy-
Weinberg equilibrium has been violated.
13.The goldenrod gall fly lays its eggs on the terminal buds of goldenrod
plants. Larvae chew through the buds and into the stems, where their saliva
induces the plant to generate a gall (an outgrowth of tissue). This gall then
provides food and shelter for the developing larva. The larvae are prey of
both parasitoid wasps and birds. Wasps selectively prey on larvae inside the
smallest
galls while birds selectively prey on larvae inside the largest galls. Goldenrod gall
