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Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions And Answers

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plays an important role in regulating blood volume and systemic vascular resistance, which together influence cardiac output and arterial pressure ~ RAAS mechanism •Calcium 4 mEq/L ~ Hypocalcemia •Manifestations: dysrhythmias, electrocardiogram changes, increased bleeding tendencies, anxiety, confusion, depression, irritability, fatigue, lethargy, paresthesia, increased deep tendon reflexes, tremors, muscle spasms, seizures, laryngeal spasms, increased bowel sounds, abdominal cramping, and positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs ~ Hypocalcemia •135-145 mEq/L. ~ Sodium •98-108 mEq/L ~ Chloride •3.5-5 mEq/L. ~ Potassium •4-5 mEq/L ~ Calcium •2.5-4.5 mg/dL. ~ Phosphorus •1.8-2.5 mEq/L. ~ Magnesium are professional phagocytes and are highly specialized in removal of dying or dead cells and cellular debris. ~ Macrophage IgE mediated ~ Type I hypersensitivity cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction ~ Type II hypersensitivity

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Rasmussen Pathophysiology
Exam 1 Questions And
Answers

· Excess of fluid in interstitial compartment; may be localized or generalized;

stages +1, +2, +3, +4


✓~ Causes of Edema




Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasma

viscosity (PV) blood tests are commonly used to detect an increase in protein in

the blood.


✓~ Lab tests with inflammation




· Maintaining internal conditions in a stable state by keeping things relatively

the same, or balanced.


✓~ Homeostasis

,Overall weight loss and generalized weakness that may have resulted from

toxins released by cancer cells. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting. Increased

metabolic rate.


✓~ Cachexia




Extremely malignant bone forming tumor in adolescent and young adults. Develop

in a metaphysical region of long bones. May cause limb pain, compromised joint

function.


✓~ Osteosarcoma




DVT, Pulmonary embolism


✓~ Complication of bone fracture




Muscle loss, infection, nerve damage, amputation, and possible kidney damage.


✓~ Complication of compartment syndrome




· Thirst, decreased urine output, hypotension


✓~ Signs of dehydration

, · Fight or flight response. The purpose is to restore balance. It provides a surge

of energy and physical alterations to either evade or confront danger.


✓~ Alarm phase of Han Seley's General adaptation syndrome




· A disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by

fatigue, sleep, memory and mood issues.


✓~ Fibromyalgia




· Enhanced myocardial contractility, increased heart rate, bronchodilation, and

elevated blood glucose levels.


✓~ Flight or fight response signs and symptoms




· Elevated uric acid and disturbance in uric acid metabolism.


✓~ Causes of Gout




· Vasodilator that reduces BP, causes bronchoconstriction and mucus production.

Treats hives, pruritus and swelling.


✓~ Action of Histamine

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