NSG 232 Exam 1 Questions
And Answers
When caring for a patient in acute septic shock, the nurse would anticipate-
✓~ -Infusing large amounts of intravenous fluids.
Septic shock is characterized by-
✓~ -a decreased circulating blood volume.
What is the cornerstone of therapy for septic shock?
✓~ -Volume expansion with the administration of intravenous fluids.
When caring for a critically ill patient who is being mechanically ventilated, the
nurse will astutely monitor for which clinical manifestation of multiple organ
dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
✓~ -Decreased respiratory compliance
,Clinical manifestations of MODS include symptoms of-
✓~ -respiratory distress, signs and symptoms of decreased renal perfusion, decreased
serum albumin and prealbumin, decreased GI motility, acute neurologic changes,
myocardial dysfunction, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and changes in
glucose metabolism.
The many deleterious effects of shock are all related to-
✓~ -inadequate perfusion and oxygenation of every body system.
Hyperglycemia in the absence of diabetes can be an indicator of?
✓~ -possible onset of sepsis. People with no prior diabetic history who present with
hyperglycemia may be going into septic shock.
What is the primary precipitating factor in septic shock?
✓~ -Infection leading to an inflammatory response
What is the primary precipitating factor for neurogenic shock?
✓~ -trauma to spinal cord.
,What happens in neurogenic shock?
✓~ -spinal cord injury leads to loss of sympathetic tone, resulting in massive
vasodilation.
What is the precipitating factor for hypovolemic shock?
✓~ -Loss of blood or flood from vasculature.
The key factor in describing any type of shock is_
✓~ _ inadequate tissue perfusion.
What are some precipitating factors of obstructive shock?
✓~ _Abdominal compartment syndrome, pulmonary embolism
Which shock is characterized by increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR),
decreased CO, and decreased pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)?
✓~ Hypovolemic shock
In SEPTIC shock, bacterial endotoxins cause vascular changes that result in_
, ✓~ _DECREASED systemic vascular resistance with INCREASED cardiac output.
What are two common characteristics of NEUROGENIC shock?
✓~ _Bradycardia and hypotension
ABSOLUTE hypovolemia results when_
✓~ _fluid is lost through hemorrhage, GI loss (vomiting/diarrhea), fistula drainage,
diabetes insipidus, or diuresis.
RELATIVE hypovolemia results when_
✓~ _fluid volume moves out of the vascular space into the extravascular space.
(Third spacing)
What are diuretics?
✓~ Drugs that act on the renal tubule to promote the excretion of sodium, chloride
and water
Give an example of an osmotic diuretic, one use and one unwanted effect
And Answers
When caring for a patient in acute septic shock, the nurse would anticipate-
✓~ -Infusing large amounts of intravenous fluids.
Septic shock is characterized by-
✓~ -a decreased circulating blood volume.
What is the cornerstone of therapy for septic shock?
✓~ -Volume expansion with the administration of intravenous fluids.
When caring for a critically ill patient who is being mechanically ventilated, the
nurse will astutely monitor for which clinical manifestation of multiple organ
dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
✓~ -Decreased respiratory compliance
,Clinical manifestations of MODS include symptoms of-
✓~ -respiratory distress, signs and symptoms of decreased renal perfusion, decreased
serum albumin and prealbumin, decreased GI motility, acute neurologic changes,
myocardial dysfunction, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and changes in
glucose metabolism.
The many deleterious effects of shock are all related to-
✓~ -inadequate perfusion and oxygenation of every body system.
Hyperglycemia in the absence of diabetes can be an indicator of?
✓~ -possible onset of sepsis. People with no prior diabetic history who present with
hyperglycemia may be going into septic shock.
What is the primary precipitating factor in septic shock?
✓~ -Infection leading to an inflammatory response
What is the primary precipitating factor for neurogenic shock?
✓~ -trauma to spinal cord.
,What happens in neurogenic shock?
✓~ -spinal cord injury leads to loss of sympathetic tone, resulting in massive
vasodilation.
What is the precipitating factor for hypovolemic shock?
✓~ -Loss of blood or flood from vasculature.
The key factor in describing any type of shock is_
✓~ _ inadequate tissue perfusion.
What are some precipitating factors of obstructive shock?
✓~ _Abdominal compartment syndrome, pulmonary embolism
Which shock is characterized by increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR),
decreased CO, and decreased pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)?
✓~ Hypovolemic shock
In SEPTIC shock, bacterial endotoxins cause vascular changes that result in_
, ✓~ _DECREASED systemic vascular resistance with INCREASED cardiac output.
What are two common characteristics of NEUROGENIC shock?
✓~ _Bradycardia and hypotension
ABSOLUTE hypovolemia results when_
✓~ _fluid is lost through hemorrhage, GI loss (vomiting/diarrhea), fistula drainage,
diabetes insipidus, or diuresis.
RELATIVE hypovolemia results when_
✓~ _fluid volume moves out of the vascular space into the extravascular space.
(Third spacing)
What are diuretics?
✓~ Drugs that act on the renal tubule to promote the excretion of sodium, chloride
and water
Give an example of an osmotic diuretic, one use and one unwanted effect
