RASMUSSEN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
5 P's of compartment syndrome - -pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia
-Acidosis (acid base balancing) - -Acidosis =
ph < 7.35
CO2 > 45
HCO3 <22
-acquired immunity - -Immunity that is present only after exposure and is highly specific.
-active immunity - -A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against
disease-causing antigens.
-active transport - -Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a
concentration difference
-Albinism - -a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or the absence of pigment in the skin, hair,
and irises of the eyes (little to no melanin production)
-Alkalosis (acid base balancing) - -PH > 7.45
CO2 < 35
HCO3 < 22
-Anasarca - -generalized edema
-antibodies - -Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body (mark the microbe
or toxin as being foreign. The antibodies then mark these antigens for destruction)
-Apoptosis - -Suicide of cells
-atrophy - -the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; to waste away
-basal cell carcinoma - --Most common
-Develops from abnormal growth of the cells in the lowest layer of the epidermis
-Rarely metastasizes
-Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood) - -23-30 mEg/L
-Body Defense Mechanisms - -skin, antibodies, macrophages, lymphocytes
-burn complications - -local infection (particularly Staphylococcus infection), sepsis, hypovolemia, shock,
hypothermia, respiratory problems, eschar, scarring, and contractures
-Burns - -Injury that can result from exposure to a thermal or nonthermal source
, -Calcium normal range - -4-5 mEq/L (Has inverse relationship with phosphorus) (Mostly found in the
bone and teeth) Plays a role in blood clotting, hormone secretion, receptor functions, nerve
transmission, and muscular contraction (Main source is dietary intake (vitamin D aids absorption)
-Causes of osteoarthritis - --Heredity
-Obesity
-Injury
-Joint overuse
-causes of osteoporosis - --Inactivity
-Nutritional deficits: ↓ Calcium , Vit. D, B, & B-12 & Folic Acid
-Lack of weight bearing activity
-Elderly
-Family history
-Hormonal changes
-Lifestyle choices: Tobacco smoking & Excess alcohol
-Medications
-CAUTION to detect cancer - -Change in elimination habits
A sore that doesn't heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in tissue
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
-Cellulitis - -Inflammation, Usually results from a direct invasion of pathogens through a break in the
skin, especially those breaches where contamination is likely, or spreads from an existing skin infection
Appears as a swollen, warm, tender area of erythema, fever
-closed fracture - -broken bone with no open wound (skin intact)
-comminuted fracture - -multiple fracture lines and bone pieces
-complete fracture - -bone is broken all the way through (2 or more pieces)
-Complication of bone fracture - -compartment syndrome, inadequate blood supply, premature weight
bearing, delayed union, malunion or nonunion
-compression fracture - -occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself
-Contact dermatitis - -Acute inflammatory reaction triggered by direct exposure to an irritant or
allergen-producing substance
-Define amputation - -Removal of a limp or other appendage of the body by trauma or surgery.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
5 P's of compartment syndrome - -pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia
-Acidosis (acid base balancing) - -Acidosis =
ph < 7.35
CO2 > 45
HCO3 <22
-acquired immunity - -Immunity that is present only after exposure and is highly specific.
-active immunity - -A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against
disease-causing antigens.
-active transport - -Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a
concentration difference
-Albinism - -a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or the absence of pigment in the skin, hair,
and irises of the eyes (little to no melanin production)
-Alkalosis (acid base balancing) - -PH > 7.45
CO2 < 35
HCO3 < 22
-Anasarca - -generalized edema
-antibodies - -Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body (mark the microbe
or toxin as being foreign. The antibodies then mark these antigens for destruction)
-Apoptosis - -Suicide of cells
-atrophy - -the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; to waste away
-basal cell carcinoma - --Most common
-Develops from abnormal growth of the cells in the lowest layer of the epidermis
-Rarely metastasizes
-Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant anion in blood) - -23-30 mEg/L
-Body Defense Mechanisms - -skin, antibodies, macrophages, lymphocytes
-burn complications - -local infection (particularly Staphylococcus infection), sepsis, hypovolemia, shock,
hypothermia, respiratory problems, eschar, scarring, and contractures
-Burns - -Injury that can result from exposure to a thermal or nonthermal source
, -Calcium normal range - -4-5 mEq/L (Has inverse relationship with phosphorus) (Mostly found in the
bone and teeth) Plays a role in blood clotting, hormone secretion, receptor functions, nerve
transmission, and muscular contraction (Main source is dietary intake (vitamin D aids absorption)
-Causes of osteoarthritis - --Heredity
-Obesity
-Injury
-Joint overuse
-causes of osteoporosis - --Inactivity
-Nutritional deficits: ↓ Calcium , Vit. D, B, & B-12 & Folic Acid
-Lack of weight bearing activity
-Elderly
-Family history
-Hormonal changes
-Lifestyle choices: Tobacco smoking & Excess alcohol
-Medications
-CAUTION to detect cancer - -Change in elimination habits
A sore that doesn't heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in tissue
Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
Obvious change in wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
-Cellulitis - -Inflammation, Usually results from a direct invasion of pathogens through a break in the
skin, especially those breaches where contamination is likely, or spreads from an existing skin infection
Appears as a swollen, warm, tender area of erythema, fever
-closed fracture - -broken bone with no open wound (skin intact)
-comminuted fracture - -multiple fracture lines and bone pieces
-complete fracture - -bone is broken all the way through (2 or more pieces)
-Complication of bone fracture - -compartment syndrome, inadequate blood supply, premature weight
bearing, delayed union, malunion or nonunion
-compression fracture - -occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself
-Contact dermatitis - -Acute inflammatory reaction triggered by direct exposure to an irritant or
allergen-producing substance
-Define amputation - -Removal of a limp or other appendage of the body by trauma or surgery.
