Summary UK Electoral Systems Revision Notes

Electoral Systems First Part
- translate votes from citizens into
seats in an
assembly/political office
Majoritarian System
->
Winning candidate mustgain absolute majority



migicam
Y candidates
usually elected single
us
member constituencies & is non
in
proportional
b
are


usually TP = not accurate




Plurality System --fPTP is a
single
member plurality system




o
& winner MP's elected
only needs more votes (1 more ·




↓ candidates am
usually elected in single member constituea
·
↳ each

Electors
,

[X] bars
con




n
Proportional Representation (PR)
Candidate requires
-
electoral system using
·



↳ in contest
Multi-member constituencies inv
↑



↓
·

-
⑭systems
use multi-member
of votes
constituencies
one
constituences & &




C
-
electoral formulas
I t
magnitude Boundaries are determind
by und
·




&
constituency)
↳e
the
.


g. Single each =

r
.
g review



Electioenmocrats
e .




closed transferable
list
Vote
- larger
ilvency
= entional
a
result
constitu
system allow others to vote
for
-
candidates as
permit only
as
many
&




they with in preference
asingle
vste -
&




order
&




Seats are

allocated to parties Micced
System -
> combines elements of
plurality &
Majoritarian sy stems 2016 > conservat
↓
-




* Remainder
·
↳
represent -elements of proportional representation
vote proportionally elected
↳ reduce d
by proportional elected
representatives
member
any
* some
single
-



ETP
Elections
>

↳
-




representation
&




By- multimember
exception
in -
- -


stituencies

, GO TO 2nd
Features Functions of Elections
&




of FPTP : page first for
CASE STUDY 1955 :
#P
large group (electorate)
-
>
Two-PartySystem Both scored over 46 % with on
having
2
% more D Representation >
-




rep dem
.
.
can

So
they got 23 more seats so
they had 60 seled a smaller
group /representative
where
· 2
major parties compete for office tract on behalf
·
favours major parties with & Choosing a
government General E determine HoC so
The
strong
nationwide
support >
-


good chance of
getting paniamentary majority
- .




party system has been
·
determines which party

grecieved 65 % of the total vete failing in the UK =
2018 election Lab and can takes power
Support for other only
↳ parties apart from
.
Con Lab & Lib Dem
-




rose to 25
% in 2015
.
③ Participation key act of
voting




Defe nce
, >
-




(largest 1970) have made
↑




2017 changed back >
-
Con & Lab reached 82% since · cons elections
allow e
policy
comebanglanda b
over
voice opinions
Winner's Bonus

Importance of elections




i
in a lib
Y

↳Relatively small lead is
usually exagerrated
·
In a liberal
democracy elec
·
Electoral law should be free

Bias to one
and overseen
by impa
an

majority
·p
electoraltem
↳


[ ] Selecti
&
by 7 %
-Approach
↳Then in 2010
Conservatives led Labour but were 19 seats short of



anemocra
an overall
majority
Democratic
/
·
Reasons for this bias :
rolet
Tactical from anti-conservative tactical between 97-05.
·
prioritise eple




·
Labour benefited
voting -
voting · focus on influence pa
play ,




Differences in constituency - The electorate constituencies
won
by Labour in 2015 was
averagely 3 850
, accountability
wishes of
conservatives
lower than in
those won
by Representative
>
-




Sizing
·




-
>
because of population movement
mainly Elections in the U
Differential Turnout - Lower in LABOUR held seats >
-


621. in 2015 to Lab & 69 % seats to Cons

· Labour retained adv in its .
↳ Labour needed fewer seats to win between 1997 & 2010
that
nat
constituency sizes but in


2017 conservatives were more