APHY 102-Ch 15-Cardiovascular (Heart & Blood Vessels) midterm exam / Revised Questions and Answers / Guaranteed Pass

At any given moment, where can blood be found in the body? - The veins Describe an EKG. What is occurring within the heart during each part of the EKG? - A test that measures the electrical signals that control heart rhythm. With each beat, an electrical impulse (or "wave") travels through the heart. This wave causes the muscle to squeeze and pump blood from the heart. Describe the layers of the heart and pericardium. - Epicardium: The outermost layer of the heart wall and is just another name for the visceral layer of the pericardium. Myocardium: The muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contains the cardiac muscle tissue. Endocardium: Simple squamous endothelium layer that lines the inside of the heart. Describe the pathway of blood into, through, and out of the heart. - Arteries: Carry blood away from the ventricles of the heart. Arterioles: Receive blood from the arteries, and carry it to the capillaries. Capillaries: Sites of exchange of substances between the blood and the body cells. Venules: Receive blood from the capillaries, and conduct it to veins. Veins: Receive blood from venules, and carry it back to the atria of the heart.Describe the pathway of the cardiac conduction system. - Heartbeat is coordinated by this. Composed of an internal pacemaker and nerve-like conduction pathways through the myocardium. It generates and conducts rhythmic electrical signals in Sinoatrial node (SA), Atrio-ventricular node (AV), the bundle, the left and right bundle branches, and the Purkinje fibres.