AP Euro: Industrial Revolution Exam /
Revised Questions and Answers / Sure
A+
Agricultural Revolution - The transformation of farming that resulted in the eighteenth century
from the spread of new crops, improvements in cultivation techniques and livestock breeding, and
consolidation of small holdings into large farms from which tenants were expelled (600)
Bank of England - created in 1694 to ensure a stable money supply and to lay the foundation for a
network of lending institutions
Bubble Act - act of parliament forbidding joint stock companies
Chartists - seeking political democracy, universal male suffrage, est. controls over economic
system to prevent exploitation ( think of German Peasant Revolt, Bread Roits, French Revolution) ; ,
Reformers who wanted changes like universal male suffrage; the secret ballot; and payment for
members of Parliament, so that even workingmen could afford to enter politics. This group supported a
document called the People's Charter.
Combination Acts - These were the laws passed by the Parliament that prohibited the English
people from forming a union
Commercial Revolution - the expansion of the trade and buisness that transformed European
economies during the 16th and 17th centuries.
Corn Laws - Revised in 1815 these laws didn't allow for importing of cheap grain, this gave way to
great anger towards the landed aristocracy who imposed them for their own good. Their repeal signified
the end of dominance by the landed nobility
cottage industry - This was the way form of work of the rural classes in which the costumer would
give the worker materials and the worker would create the desirable product
, Credit Mobilier - a joint-stock company organized in 1863 and reorganized in 1867 to build the
Union Pacific Railroad. It was involved in a scandal in 1872 in which high government officials were
accused of accepting bribes.
Crystal Palace - Building erected in Hyde Park, London, for the Great Exhibition of 1851. Made of
iron and glass, like a gigantic greenhouse, it was a symbol of the industrial age.
Duke of Bridgewater - 1st Industrial Canal
Factory Act of 1833 - limited the factory workday for children between 9 and 13 to 8 hours and
that of adolescents between 14 and 18 to 12 hours-made no effort to regulate hours of work for
children at home or in small businesses-children under 9 were to be enrolled by schools to be
established by factory owners-broke pattern of whole families working together in the factory because
efficiency required standardized shifts for all workers
flying shuttle - was developed by John Kay, its invention was one of the key developments in
weaving that helped fuel the Industrial Revolution, enabled the weaver of a loom to throw the shuttle
back and forth between the threads with one hand
Friedrich Engels - socialist who wrote the Communist Manifesto with Karl Marx in 1848 (1820-
1895)
George Stephenson - English railway pioneer who built the first passenger railway in 1825 (1781-
1848) it was called the Rocket
heavy industry - industry that requires a large capital investment and that produces items used in
other industries
Henry Cort - In the 1780s, Cort developed the puddling furnace, which allowed pig iron to be
refined in turn with coke (made from coal, not the drink or drug). Cort also developed heavy-duty
steam-powered rolling mills, which were capable of spewing out finished iron in every shape and form.
Revised Questions and Answers / Sure
A+
Agricultural Revolution - The transformation of farming that resulted in the eighteenth century
from the spread of new crops, improvements in cultivation techniques and livestock breeding, and
consolidation of small holdings into large farms from which tenants were expelled (600)
Bank of England - created in 1694 to ensure a stable money supply and to lay the foundation for a
network of lending institutions
Bubble Act - act of parliament forbidding joint stock companies
Chartists - seeking political democracy, universal male suffrage, est. controls over economic
system to prevent exploitation ( think of German Peasant Revolt, Bread Roits, French Revolution) ; ,
Reformers who wanted changes like universal male suffrage; the secret ballot; and payment for
members of Parliament, so that even workingmen could afford to enter politics. This group supported a
document called the People's Charter.
Combination Acts - These were the laws passed by the Parliament that prohibited the English
people from forming a union
Commercial Revolution - the expansion of the trade and buisness that transformed European
economies during the 16th and 17th centuries.
Corn Laws - Revised in 1815 these laws didn't allow for importing of cheap grain, this gave way to
great anger towards the landed aristocracy who imposed them for their own good. Their repeal signified
the end of dominance by the landed nobility
cottage industry - This was the way form of work of the rural classes in which the costumer would
give the worker materials and the worker would create the desirable product
, Credit Mobilier - a joint-stock company organized in 1863 and reorganized in 1867 to build the
Union Pacific Railroad. It was involved in a scandal in 1872 in which high government officials were
accused of accepting bribes.
Crystal Palace - Building erected in Hyde Park, London, for the Great Exhibition of 1851. Made of
iron and glass, like a gigantic greenhouse, it was a symbol of the industrial age.
Duke of Bridgewater - 1st Industrial Canal
Factory Act of 1833 - limited the factory workday for children between 9 and 13 to 8 hours and
that of adolescents between 14 and 18 to 12 hours-made no effort to regulate hours of work for
children at home or in small businesses-children under 9 were to be enrolled by schools to be
established by factory owners-broke pattern of whole families working together in the factory because
efficiency required standardized shifts for all workers
flying shuttle - was developed by John Kay, its invention was one of the key developments in
weaving that helped fuel the Industrial Revolution, enabled the weaver of a loom to throw the shuttle
back and forth between the threads with one hand
Friedrich Engels - socialist who wrote the Communist Manifesto with Karl Marx in 1848 (1820-
1895)
George Stephenson - English railway pioneer who built the first passenger railway in 1825 (1781-
1848) it was called the Rocket
heavy industry - industry that requires a large capital investment and that produces items used in
other industries
Henry Cort - In the 1780s, Cort developed the puddling furnace, which allowed pig iron to be
refined in turn with coke (made from coal, not the drink or drug). Cort also developed heavy-duty
steam-powered rolling mills, which were capable of spewing out finished iron in every shape and form.
