Mastering Biology Final Exam Questions
and Answers
Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis?
I. It is testable.
II. It is falsifiable.
III. It produces quantitative data.
IV. It produces results that can be replicated. - Answer -I and II
Cells are ________. - Answer -characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life? - Answer -near
universality of the genetic code
How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis? - Answer -Theories are
usually an explanation for a more general phenomenon; hypotheses typically address
more specific issues.
A friend of yours calls to say that his car would not start this morning. He asks for your
help. You say that you think the battery must be dead. If so, then jump-starting the car
from a good battery will solve the problem. In doing so, you are ________. - Answer -
stating a hypothesis and using that hypothesis to make a testable prediction
Knowing the atomic mass of an element allows inferences about which of the following?
- Answer -number protons plus neutrons in the element
Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H). Which of the following is a
correct statement about the atoms in ammonia (NH3)? - Answer -Each H atom has a
partial positive charge; the N atom has a partial negative charge.
What results from the chemical reaction illustrated above? The reactants have no
charge. - Answer -a cation with a net charge of +1 and an anion with a net charge of −1
An atom (such as C) has four electrons in its valence shell. What types of covalent
bonds is it capable of forming? - Answer -single, double, or triple
Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules,the solute molecule
depicted here is most likely ________. - Answer -positively charged
, Suppose you discovered a new amino acid. Its R-group contains only hydrogen and
carbon atoms. Predict the behavior of this amino acid. - Answer -its hydrophobic
The chemical reaction illustrated in the figure below ________. - Answer -is a hydrolysis
reaction
Upon chemical analysis, a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids.
How many pe ptide bonds are pre sent in this protein? - Answer -99
When polymerization of a protein is complete, but a protein is still completely linear,
what is the highest level of structure in the protein? - Answer -primary
The tertiarystructure ofaproteinis the ________. - Answer -unique three dimensional
shape of the full folded polypeptide
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as
nucleotides? - Answer -nitrogen base, phosphate group and sugar
Nucleic acids have a de finite polarity, or dire ctionality. Stated another way, one end of
the molecule is different from the other end. How are these ends described? - Answer -
one end has an unlimited 3' carbon; the other end has an unlinked 5 carbon
If a double -s trande d DNA sample we re composed of 10 percent thymine , what would
be the pe rcentage of guanine ? - Answer -40
You have a polymer of DNA with 10 adenine bases followed by 10 cytosine bases. If
that strand bonded to a strand of 20 thymine bases, how would the double helix shape
vary from a typical DNA double helix? - Answer -the width of the double helix would vary
along the length of the strand
If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other
complementary strand would have the sequence ________. - Answer -3'TAACGT5'
Glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in proteins? - Answer -a
peptide bond
Dairy cattle were unknown in Thai culture until recently, and 97 percent of Thai people
are lactose intolerant as adults. Which explanation for such widespread lactose
intolerance is most likely correct? - Answer -Evolutionarily, producing an enzyme to
break down a sugar that will never be encountered is wasteful
Starch and cellulose ________. - Answer -prepolymers of glucose
Cell walls are used by many different organisms for protection from their environment
and structural support. These cell walls must obviously be insoluble in water; otherwise,
and Answers
Which of the following are qualities of any good scientific hypothesis?
I. It is testable.
II. It is falsifiable.
III. It produces quantitative data.
IV. It produces results that can be replicated. - Answer -I and II
Cells are ________. - Answer -characteristic of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life? - Answer -near
universality of the genetic code
How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis? - Answer -Theories are
usually an explanation for a more general phenomenon; hypotheses typically address
more specific issues.
A friend of yours calls to say that his car would not start this morning. He asks for your
help. You say that you think the battery must be dead. If so, then jump-starting the car
from a good battery will solve the problem. In doing so, you are ________. - Answer -
stating a hypothesis and using that hypothesis to make a testable prediction
Knowing the atomic mass of an element allows inferences about which of the following?
- Answer -number protons plus neutrons in the element
Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H). Which of the following is a
correct statement about the atoms in ammonia (NH3)? - Answer -Each H atom has a
partial positive charge; the N atom has a partial negative charge.
What results from the chemical reaction illustrated above? The reactants have no
charge. - Answer -a cation with a net charge of +1 and an anion with a net charge of −1
An atom (such as C) has four electrons in its valence shell. What types of covalent
bonds is it capable of forming? - Answer -single, double, or triple
Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules,the solute molecule
depicted here is most likely ________. - Answer -positively charged
, Suppose you discovered a new amino acid. Its R-group contains only hydrogen and
carbon atoms. Predict the behavior of this amino acid. - Answer -its hydrophobic
The chemical reaction illustrated in the figure below ________. - Answer -is a hydrolysis
reaction
Upon chemical analysis, a particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids.
How many pe ptide bonds are pre sent in this protein? - Answer -99
When polymerization of a protein is complete, but a protein is still completely linear,
what is the highest level of structure in the protein? - Answer -primary
The tertiarystructure ofaproteinis the ________. - Answer -unique three dimensional
shape of the full folded polypeptide
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as
nucleotides? - Answer -nitrogen base, phosphate group and sugar
Nucleic acids have a de finite polarity, or dire ctionality. Stated another way, one end of
the molecule is different from the other end. How are these ends described? - Answer -
one end has an unlimited 3' carbon; the other end has an unlinked 5 carbon
If a double -s trande d DNA sample we re composed of 10 percent thymine , what would
be the pe rcentage of guanine ? - Answer -40
You have a polymer of DNA with 10 adenine bases followed by 10 cytosine bases. If
that strand bonded to a strand of 20 thymine bases, how would the double helix shape
vary from a typical DNA double helix? - Answer -the width of the double helix would vary
along the length of the strand
If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other
complementary strand would have the sequence ________. - Answer -3'TAACGT5'
Glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in proteins? - Answer -a
peptide bond
Dairy cattle were unknown in Thai culture until recently, and 97 percent of Thai people
are lactose intolerant as adults. Which explanation for such widespread lactose
intolerance is most likely correct? - Answer -Evolutionarily, producing an enzyme to
break down a sugar that will never be encountered is wasteful
Starch and cellulose ________. - Answer -prepolymers of glucose
Cell walls are used by many different organisms for protection from their environment
and structural support. These cell walls must obviously be insoluble in water; otherwise,
