Biology 104-Exam 1 Questions and
Answers
Chlorophyll - Answer -In the summertime, what covers all other pigments?
Breaks down and leaf colors begin to change - Answer -In the fall, what does
chlorophyll do?
Cold Frost - Answer -What is NOT necessary for leaves to change color?
1. Low temp. at night retards sugar removal
2. Sugar accumulates and causes chlorophyll to break down
3. Anthocyanin increases--this affects the REDS because chlorophyll is being covered
up
4. The carotenoids are unmasked - Answer -What are 4 reasons why leaves change
color?
Nucleus - Answer --control center
-sends messages to other cell parts
-surrounded by a nuclear membrane that is selectively permeable
-contains nucleoplasm (fluid)--a jelly like substance
-also contains the nucleolus/nucleoli which is involved in cell reproduction and forming
ribosomes
-contains chromatin (DNA)
Vacuole - Answer -a hollow space may have pigments, food, waste, or water
Simple Tissue - Answer -a group of cells performing a common function
Meristematic Tissue - Answer -reproductive cells actively dividing, they are often 6 sided
with a large nucleus--they will change shape as they mature
1. Apical Meristem
2. Vascular Meristem
3. Cork Cambium
4. Intercalary Meristem - Answer -Four Types of Meristematic Tissue
Apical Meristem - Answer -it is located at the TIP of the roots/stem--it increases
LENGTH
, Vascular Cambium - Answer --a thin cylinder that runs the length of the stem
-it increases DIAMETER
-located right inside the bark of the tree
-water goes up, sugar comes down
Cork Cambium - Answer --it produces new bark
-runs the length of roots, stems, and woody plants
Intercalary Meristem - Answer -it lengthens grass stems
Non Meristematic Tissue - Answer --NOT reproducing tissues
-they are formed by meristems (cambiums)
-change shape/size based on their function
1. Parenchyma
2. Collenchyma
3. Sclerenchyma
4. Secretory
5. Epidermis - Answer -Types of Non Meristematic Tissue
Parenchyma Tissue - Answer --the most abundant cell tissue--it is located in almost
every plant part (roots, stems, and leaves)
-they are mostly spheres with spaces
-loose tissue-if it contains chlorophyll, it is called CHLORENCHYMA
-it is the edible part of most fruits and vegetables
Collenchyma Tissue - Answer --it is located just below the epidermis
-it is thicker walled for support
Sclerenchyma Tissue - Answer --it functions when dead with support
-sclerids stone cells in the grit of a pear
-forms fibers such as hemp
Secretory Tissue - Answer --it releases substances (oil, nectar, and resin) to the outside
of the cell
Epidermis - Answer --it's one cell thick
-it's the outer layer in most young tissue
-in roots--it may form root hair in a leaf
-it forms pores (stomata): the stomata are controlled by a pair of guard cells
Complex Tissues - Answer -they contain one part of the cell
examples:
-Xylem (wood)
-Periderm (cork)
Answers
Chlorophyll - Answer -In the summertime, what covers all other pigments?
Breaks down and leaf colors begin to change - Answer -In the fall, what does
chlorophyll do?
Cold Frost - Answer -What is NOT necessary for leaves to change color?
1. Low temp. at night retards sugar removal
2. Sugar accumulates and causes chlorophyll to break down
3. Anthocyanin increases--this affects the REDS because chlorophyll is being covered
up
4. The carotenoids are unmasked - Answer -What are 4 reasons why leaves change
color?
Nucleus - Answer --control center
-sends messages to other cell parts
-surrounded by a nuclear membrane that is selectively permeable
-contains nucleoplasm (fluid)--a jelly like substance
-also contains the nucleolus/nucleoli which is involved in cell reproduction and forming
ribosomes
-contains chromatin (DNA)
Vacuole - Answer -a hollow space may have pigments, food, waste, or water
Simple Tissue - Answer -a group of cells performing a common function
Meristematic Tissue - Answer -reproductive cells actively dividing, they are often 6 sided
with a large nucleus--they will change shape as they mature
1. Apical Meristem
2. Vascular Meristem
3. Cork Cambium
4. Intercalary Meristem - Answer -Four Types of Meristematic Tissue
Apical Meristem - Answer -it is located at the TIP of the roots/stem--it increases
LENGTH
, Vascular Cambium - Answer --a thin cylinder that runs the length of the stem
-it increases DIAMETER
-located right inside the bark of the tree
-water goes up, sugar comes down
Cork Cambium - Answer --it produces new bark
-runs the length of roots, stems, and woody plants
Intercalary Meristem - Answer -it lengthens grass stems
Non Meristematic Tissue - Answer --NOT reproducing tissues
-they are formed by meristems (cambiums)
-change shape/size based on their function
1. Parenchyma
2. Collenchyma
3. Sclerenchyma
4. Secretory
5. Epidermis - Answer -Types of Non Meristematic Tissue
Parenchyma Tissue - Answer --the most abundant cell tissue--it is located in almost
every plant part (roots, stems, and leaves)
-they are mostly spheres with spaces
-loose tissue-if it contains chlorophyll, it is called CHLORENCHYMA
-it is the edible part of most fruits and vegetables
Collenchyma Tissue - Answer --it is located just below the epidermis
-it is thicker walled for support
Sclerenchyma Tissue - Answer --it functions when dead with support
-sclerids stone cells in the grit of a pear
-forms fibers such as hemp
Secretory Tissue - Answer --it releases substances (oil, nectar, and resin) to the outside
of the cell
Epidermis - Answer --it's one cell thick
-it's the outer layer in most young tissue
-in roots--it may form root hair in a leaf
-it forms pores (stomata): the stomata are controlled by a pair of guard cells
Complex Tissues - Answer -they contain one part of the cell
examples:
-Xylem (wood)
-Periderm (cork)
