BSC-108 Chapter 13 Exam Quiz.
To help prevent the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, you should __________. - CORRECT
ANSWER take the full course of any antibiotics your doctor has prescribed
Natural selection __________. - CORRECT ANSWER relies on variation among individuals in a population
In 1859 Charles Darwin wrote, "The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been
represented by a great tree.... As buds give rise by growth to fresh buds, and these if vigorous, branch
out and overtop on all sides many a feebler branch, so by generation I believe it has been with the great
Tree of Life, which fills with its dead and broken branches the crust of the earth, and covers the surface
with its ever branching and beautiful ramifications." At the base of the evolutionary tree of all life is
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER an organism that is a common ancestor to all living organisms
A significant consequence of gene flow is that it __________. - CORRECT ANSWER tends to reduce
differences between populations
The relationship of the genome to an organism is similar to that of the __________ to a population. -
CORRECT ANSWER gene pool
The population of American bison used to number in the millions. Hunting and other problems greatly
decreased the number of bison to about 1,000. Today, the numbers are recovering to estimates of more
than 200,000 bison. This crash in the population of bison and recent recovery is an example of
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER the bottleneck effect
Similarity resulting from common ancestry is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER homology
In recessive lethal diseases such as Tay-Sachs disease, carriers have one copy of the normal allele and
one copy of the allele for the disease. Carriers are represented in the Hardy-Weinberg formula by
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER 2pq
, What observation concerning the geographic distribution of species on the Galápagos Islands helped
Darwin formulate his ideas about the mechanisms of evolution? - CORRECT ANSWER Darwin observed
that most of the animals that inhabit these remote islands are not found anywhere else in the world, but
they resemble South American species. Furthermore, each island has its own unique species.
Which of the following is the most recent example of an evolutionary change in populations? - CORRECT
ANSWER the evolution of pesticide-resistant insects
In a species of snail, dark-shelled individuals are better hidden from bird predators in the shady forest,
while light-shelled individuals are better hidden in well-lit brushy edge areas. If there were no areas of
intermediate brightness in this habitat,which type of selection would act on shell color in these snails? -
CORRECT ANSWER disruptive selection
Small lizards have difficulty defending their territory, but large lizards are more likely to be preyed upon
by owls. Which type of selection would act on body size in these lizards under these conditions? -
CORRECT ANSWER stabilizing selection
While on his voyage aboard the HMS Beagle, Darwin was strongly influenced by this book. - CORRECT
ANSWER Principles of Geology
Which of the following events could NOT be caused by a population bottleneck? - CORRECT ANSWER
Increased population size
In evolutionary terms, an organism's fitness is measured by its __________. - CORRECT ANSWER
contribution to the gene pool of the next generation
A population of small fish lives in a lake with a sandy bottom. Large shore birds prey on these fish.
Although most of the fish are the same light brown color as the sandy lake bottom, about 10% are
mottled. A construction company begins dumping loads of gravel in the bottom of the lake, giving it a
mottled appearance. Which outcome would you predict? - CORRECT ANSWER The proportion of mottled
fish in this population will increase over time.
Which one of the following was an assumption of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection? -
CORRECT ANSWER Populations produce more offspring than their environment can support.
To help prevent the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, you should __________. - CORRECT
ANSWER take the full course of any antibiotics your doctor has prescribed
Natural selection __________. - CORRECT ANSWER relies on variation among individuals in a population
In 1859 Charles Darwin wrote, "The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been
represented by a great tree.... As buds give rise by growth to fresh buds, and these if vigorous, branch
out and overtop on all sides many a feebler branch, so by generation I believe it has been with the great
Tree of Life, which fills with its dead and broken branches the crust of the earth, and covers the surface
with its ever branching and beautiful ramifications." At the base of the evolutionary tree of all life is
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER an organism that is a common ancestor to all living organisms
A significant consequence of gene flow is that it __________. - CORRECT ANSWER tends to reduce
differences between populations
The relationship of the genome to an organism is similar to that of the __________ to a population. -
CORRECT ANSWER gene pool
The population of American bison used to number in the millions. Hunting and other problems greatly
decreased the number of bison to about 1,000. Today, the numbers are recovering to estimates of more
than 200,000 bison. This crash in the population of bison and recent recovery is an example of
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER the bottleneck effect
Similarity resulting from common ancestry is known as ________. - CORRECT ANSWER homology
In recessive lethal diseases such as Tay-Sachs disease, carriers have one copy of the normal allele and
one copy of the allele for the disease. Carriers are represented in the Hardy-Weinberg formula by
__________. - CORRECT ANSWER 2pq
, What observation concerning the geographic distribution of species on the Galápagos Islands helped
Darwin formulate his ideas about the mechanisms of evolution? - CORRECT ANSWER Darwin observed
that most of the animals that inhabit these remote islands are not found anywhere else in the world, but
they resemble South American species. Furthermore, each island has its own unique species.
Which of the following is the most recent example of an evolutionary change in populations? - CORRECT
ANSWER the evolution of pesticide-resistant insects
In a species of snail, dark-shelled individuals are better hidden from bird predators in the shady forest,
while light-shelled individuals are better hidden in well-lit brushy edge areas. If there were no areas of
intermediate brightness in this habitat,which type of selection would act on shell color in these snails? -
CORRECT ANSWER disruptive selection
Small lizards have difficulty defending their territory, but large lizards are more likely to be preyed upon
by owls. Which type of selection would act on body size in these lizards under these conditions? -
CORRECT ANSWER stabilizing selection
While on his voyage aboard the HMS Beagle, Darwin was strongly influenced by this book. - CORRECT
ANSWER Principles of Geology
Which of the following events could NOT be caused by a population bottleneck? - CORRECT ANSWER
Increased population size
In evolutionary terms, an organism's fitness is measured by its __________. - CORRECT ANSWER
contribution to the gene pool of the next generation
A population of small fish lives in a lake with a sandy bottom. Large shore birds prey on these fish.
Although most of the fish are the same light brown color as the sandy lake bottom, about 10% are
mottled. A construction company begins dumping loads of gravel in the bottom of the lake, giving it a
mottled appearance. Which outcome would you predict? - CORRECT ANSWER The proportion of mottled
fish in this population will increase over time.
Which one of the following was an assumption of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection? -
CORRECT ANSWER Populations produce more offspring than their environment can support.
