Exam 4 & Final Exam: NSG318 / NSG 318 (Latest 2024 /
2025
Antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinitis, the common cold, cough, sneezing, pruritus,
urticaria, and to prevent motion sickness - ANSWERDiphenhydramine (Benadryl)
What is the most common side effect of Benadryl? - ANSWERDrowsiness
Antitussive used to treat nonproductive cough due to minor respiratory tract infections or
irritants that may have been inhaled. - ANSWERDextromethorphan (Robitussin)
What are some of the adverse effects of Robitussin?
Life Threatening? - ANSWERNephrolithiasis, Psychosis.
Respiratory Depression and Serotonin Syndrome
What should we be aware of when administering Tiotropium (Spiriva)? - ANSWERBe
cautious giving this to patients with cardiac disorders
What would you teach a patient when taking Montelukast (Singulair)? - ANSWERThis
must be taken on a regular basis for best results - treats exercise-induced asthma as
opposed to a rescue inhaler ; comes orally
What is Albuterol (Proventil) used for? - ANSWERThis is a rescue inhaler used to treat
acute asthma attacks. Side effects include tremors and jitters.
How long can treatment take for a duodenal ulcer? - ANSWER1-2 months until ulcer is
fully healed
What is the purpose of antacids? - ANSWERTo neutralize acid
What should you be aware of when administering Aluminum Hydroxide? - ANSWERUse
caution in renal and hepatic disorders
How do Histamine 2 Blockers work? - ANSWERBlock H2 receptors of parietal cells in
stomach to reduce gastric acid secretion
When administering Nexium, or any Proton Pump Inhibitor, what should you observe? -
ANSWERObserve hepatic function - this elevates AST, ALT
Should Nexium be taken with food or on an empty stomach? - ANSWEROn an empty
stomach - this allows the stomach lining to be coated. Taking this with food blocks this
process.
, What is the mode of action of Sucralfate (Carafate)? - ANSWERCombines with protein
to form a thick paste covering ulcer protecting ulcer from acid and pepsin. This does not
decrease acid production or neutralize acid
What is the mode of action of Diphenoxylate with Atropine (Lomotil) and what are some
of the side effects? - ANSWERAnticholinergic properties: dries out, causes urinary
retention; atropine decreases cramping, motility and hypersecretions
What is the therapeutic effect of Promethazine (Phenergan)? What should not be
combined with this? - ANSWERanti-nausea/ vomiting; do not combine with ETOH (ethyl
alcohol)
What is the best way to assess and evaluate client understanding? - ANSWERTeach-
Back method; this is a return demonstration
What are some of the side effects of the female reproductive hormone Clomiphene
(Clomid)? - ANSWERHA, breast discomfort
What is the name of the drug that is a urinary antimuscarinic/ bladder antispasmadic/
anticholinergic? What is the mode of action? - ANSWERSolifenacin Succinate
(VESIcare); controls an overactive bladder, decreases urge and urinary incontinence.
This also slows down frequency and urgency as well as burning pain until infection goes
away.
What is Calcitriol (Rocaltrol) given for? What is the mode of action? -
ANSWERHypocalcemia; Reabsorbs calcium by the kidneys - this enhances calcium
deposits into bones by the active form of Vit. D's metabolite, Calcitriol.
When administering Levothyroxine (Synthroid) what signs and symptoms should you
observe for? - ANSWERHyperthyroidism (increased metabolism, heart rate, anxiety,
etc.)
What can happen if you administer Levothyroxine (Synthroid) with Metformin? -
ANSWERThis can cancel out the effects of Metformin and cause hyperglycemia.
What do Glucocorticoids (Prednisone) treat? - ANSWERAdrenocortical insufficiency;
hypocortisolism (adrenal glands do not produce enough steroid hormones)
Taper this to prevent adrenocortical insufficiency
What is Glipizide (Glucotrol)? - ANSWEROral Hypoglycemic; directly stimulates beta
cells in the pancreas to secrete insulin - controls hyperglycemia in type II DM
Glipizide (Glucotrol) can be harmful if administered to patients with....? - ANSWERType
I DM
2025
Antihistamine used to treat allergic rhinitis, the common cold, cough, sneezing, pruritus,
urticaria, and to prevent motion sickness - ANSWERDiphenhydramine (Benadryl)
What is the most common side effect of Benadryl? - ANSWERDrowsiness
Antitussive used to treat nonproductive cough due to minor respiratory tract infections or
irritants that may have been inhaled. - ANSWERDextromethorphan (Robitussin)
What are some of the adverse effects of Robitussin?
Life Threatening? - ANSWERNephrolithiasis, Psychosis.
Respiratory Depression and Serotonin Syndrome
What should we be aware of when administering Tiotropium (Spiriva)? - ANSWERBe
cautious giving this to patients with cardiac disorders
What would you teach a patient when taking Montelukast (Singulair)? - ANSWERThis
must be taken on a regular basis for best results - treats exercise-induced asthma as
opposed to a rescue inhaler ; comes orally
What is Albuterol (Proventil) used for? - ANSWERThis is a rescue inhaler used to treat
acute asthma attacks. Side effects include tremors and jitters.
How long can treatment take for a duodenal ulcer? - ANSWER1-2 months until ulcer is
fully healed
What is the purpose of antacids? - ANSWERTo neutralize acid
What should you be aware of when administering Aluminum Hydroxide? - ANSWERUse
caution in renal and hepatic disorders
How do Histamine 2 Blockers work? - ANSWERBlock H2 receptors of parietal cells in
stomach to reduce gastric acid secretion
When administering Nexium, or any Proton Pump Inhibitor, what should you observe? -
ANSWERObserve hepatic function - this elevates AST, ALT
Should Nexium be taken with food or on an empty stomach? - ANSWEROn an empty
stomach - this allows the stomach lining to be coated. Taking this with food blocks this
process.
, What is the mode of action of Sucralfate (Carafate)? - ANSWERCombines with protein
to form a thick paste covering ulcer protecting ulcer from acid and pepsin. This does not
decrease acid production or neutralize acid
What is the mode of action of Diphenoxylate with Atropine (Lomotil) and what are some
of the side effects? - ANSWERAnticholinergic properties: dries out, causes urinary
retention; atropine decreases cramping, motility and hypersecretions
What is the therapeutic effect of Promethazine (Phenergan)? What should not be
combined with this? - ANSWERanti-nausea/ vomiting; do not combine with ETOH (ethyl
alcohol)
What is the best way to assess and evaluate client understanding? - ANSWERTeach-
Back method; this is a return demonstration
What are some of the side effects of the female reproductive hormone Clomiphene
(Clomid)? - ANSWERHA, breast discomfort
What is the name of the drug that is a urinary antimuscarinic/ bladder antispasmadic/
anticholinergic? What is the mode of action? - ANSWERSolifenacin Succinate
(VESIcare); controls an overactive bladder, decreases urge and urinary incontinence.
This also slows down frequency and urgency as well as burning pain until infection goes
away.
What is Calcitriol (Rocaltrol) given for? What is the mode of action? -
ANSWERHypocalcemia; Reabsorbs calcium by the kidneys - this enhances calcium
deposits into bones by the active form of Vit. D's metabolite, Calcitriol.
When administering Levothyroxine (Synthroid) what signs and symptoms should you
observe for? - ANSWERHyperthyroidism (increased metabolism, heart rate, anxiety,
etc.)
What can happen if you administer Levothyroxine (Synthroid) with Metformin? -
ANSWERThis can cancel out the effects of Metformin and cause hyperglycemia.
What do Glucocorticoids (Prednisone) treat? - ANSWERAdrenocortical insufficiency;
hypocortisolism (adrenal glands do not produce enough steroid hormones)
Taper this to prevent adrenocortical insufficiency
What is Glipizide (Glucotrol)? - ANSWEROral Hypoglycemic; directly stimulates beta
cells in the pancreas to secrete insulin - controls hyperglycemia in type II DM
Glipizide (Glucotrol) can be harmful if administered to patients with....? - ANSWERType
I DM
