TEAS 6 SCIENCE- HUMAN ANATOMY
AND PHYSIOLOGY, TEAS HUMAN
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY TEST
BANK WITH 626 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS RATED
A+2024/2025
Hierarchy of Structures - ANSWER-Lowest Hierarchy level is at *Organelles within
a cell*. They obtain energy from food and reproduction.
-Cells with the same function are collected into larger groups called *Tissues*.
-Tissues are collected into *Organs*, carry out single task, like oxygenated blood
(lungs), or filter out waste (kidneys).
-Organs work together in systems that perform coordinated large-scale functions,
like *nourishing the body* (digestive) or *protecting the body from attacks*
(immune).
The Nucleus - ANSWER-*-Nucleus:* Small structure that contains
*Chromosomes* and *Regulates the DNA of a cell*. Defining structure of
eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for *the passing on of genetic traits between
generations.*
-Contains: nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, a nucleolus, nuclear pores, chromatin,
and ribosomes.
,Cell Parts - ANSWER-*-Organelles:* Cell parts that function within a cell. They
coordinate with other organelles to performs a cell's basic function, like energy
processing and waste excretion.
~Examples: *Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, The Nucleus.*
Chromosomes - ANSWER-Highly condensed, threadlike rods of DNA. *DNA* is
genetic material that stores information about the plant or animal.
Chromatin - ANSWER-Consists of the *DNA* and *Proteins* that make up
chromosomes.
Nucleolus - ANSWER-Structure contained *within* the nucleus, consists of
*proteins.* Small, Round, and does *not* have a membrane. Involved in *protein
synthesis, and synthesizes and stores RNA.*
Nuclear Envelope - ANSWER-*Encloses* the nucleus. Consists of *inner and outer
membranes made of lipids.*
Nuclear Pores - ANSWER-Involved in *exchange of material between nucleus and
the cytoplasm.*
Nucleoplasm - ANSWER-Liquid *within* the membrane and is *similar* to
cytoplasm.
Cell Membrane - ANSWER-*"Plasma Membrane"*
,-Made of *Lipids and Proteins*
-*Isolates* the cell from its external environment while still enabling the cellar to
communicate with the outside environment.
-Consists: *Phospholipid bilayer* with the hydrophilic ends of the outer layer
facing external environment.
*~Cholesterol*: Adds stiffness and flexibility
*~Glycolipids*: Help cell to recognize other cells of the organisms.
*~Proteins*: Help give cells shape
*~Special Proteins:* Helps cell communicate with external environment.
*~Other Proteins:* Transport molecules across membrane
Selective Permeability - ANSWER-With regard to size, charge, and solubility.
*-Size:* Membrane allows small molecules to diffuse through it. Oxygen and
Water molecules are small and can pass through the cells membrane.
*-Charge:* Ions on a cells surface either *attracts or repels* ions. Ions with *like*
charges are *repelled*, and ions with *opposite* charges are *attracted* to the
surface.
*-Solubility:* Molecules that are soluble in phospholipids can usually pass through
the membrane. Many are *not* able to diffuse the membrane, and if anything
they'll have to be moved through by *active transport and vesicles.*
Cell Structures - ANSWER-Inside the cell. Contain: Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus,
Vacuoles, Vesicles, Cytoskeleton, Microtubules, Cytosol, Cytoplasm, Cell
Membrane, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria
, Ribosomes - ANSWER-Involved in *synthesizing proteins from amino acids.*
-Make up about a quarter of a cell.
-Some are embedded in the *Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)*
Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER-Involved in *synthesizing materials* like *proteins*
that are transported *out* of the cell.
~*Modifies and Packages proteins* secreted from the cell.
-Located near the nucleus and has layers of membranes.
Vacuoles - ANSWER-Sacs used for *storage, digestion, and waste removal*.
-Plant: Has *one large* vacuole
-Animal: Has *small, sometimes numerous* vacuoles.
Vesicles - ANSWER-Small organelle *within* a cell, has a membrane.
-Functions: *Moving materials* within a cell.
Cytoskeleton - ANSWER-Consist of *microtubules* that help *shape and support*
the cell.
Microtubules - ANSWER-Part of cytoskeleton.
-Help *support* the cell.
-Made of *proteins*
AND PHYSIOLOGY, TEAS HUMAN
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY TEST
BANK WITH 626 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS RATED
A+2024/2025
Hierarchy of Structures - ANSWER-Lowest Hierarchy level is at *Organelles within
a cell*. They obtain energy from food and reproduction.
-Cells with the same function are collected into larger groups called *Tissues*.
-Tissues are collected into *Organs*, carry out single task, like oxygenated blood
(lungs), or filter out waste (kidneys).
-Organs work together in systems that perform coordinated large-scale functions,
like *nourishing the body* (digestive) or *protecting the body from attacks*
(immune).
The Nucleus - ANSWER-*-Nucleus:* Small structure that contains
*Chromosomes* and *Regulates the DNA of a cell*. Defining structure of
eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for *the passing on of genetic traits between
generations.*
-Contains: nuclear envelope, nucleoplasm, a nucleolus, nuclear pores, chromatin,
and ribosomes.
,Cell Parts - ANSWER-*-Organelles:* Cell parts that function within a cell. They
coordinate with other organelles to performs a cell's basic function, like energy
processing and waste excretion.
~Examples: *Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria, The Nucleus.*
Chromosomes - ANSWER-Highly condensed, threadlike rods of DNA. *DNA* is
genetic material that stores information about the plant or animal.
Chromatin - ANSWER-Consists of the *DNA* and *Proteins* that make up
chromosomes.
Nucleolus - ANSWER-Structure contained *within* the nucleus, consists of
*proteins.* Small, Round, and does *not* have a membrane. Involved in *protein
synthesis, and synthesizes and stores RNA.*
Nuclear Envelope - ANSWER-*Encloses* the nucleus. Consists of *inner and outer
membranes made of lipids.*
Nuclear Pores - ANSWER-Involved in *exchange of material between nucleus and
the cytoplasm.*
Nucleoplasm - ANSWER-Liquid *within* the membrane and is *similar* to
cytoplasm.
Cell Membrane - ANSWER-*"Plasma Membrane"*
,-Made of *Lipids and Proteins*
-*Isolates* the cell from its external environment while still enabling the cellar to
communicate with the outside environment.
-Consists: *Phospholipid bilayer* with the hydrophilic ends of the outer layer
facing external environment.
*~Cholesterol*: Adds stiffness and flexibility
*~Glycolipids*: Help cell to recognize other cells of the organisms.
*~Proteins*: Help give cells shape
*~Special Proteins:* Helps cell communicate with external environment.
*~Other Proteins:* Transport molecules across membrane
Selective Permeability - ANSWER-With regard to size, charge, and solubility.
*-Size:* Membrane allows small molecules to diffuse through it. Oxygen and
Water molecules are small and can pass through the cells membrane.
*-Charge:* Ions on a cells surface either *attracts or repels* ions. Ions with *like*
charges are *repelled*, and ions with *opposite* charges are *attracted* to the
surface.
*-Solubility:* Molecules that are soluble in phospholipids can usually pass through
the membrane. Many are *not* able to diffuse the membrane, and if anything
they'll have to be moved through by *active transport and vesicles.*
Cell Structures - ANSWER-Inside the cell. Contain: Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus,
Vacuoles, Vesicles, Cytoskeleton, Microtubules, Cytosol, Cytoplasm, Cell
Membrane, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria
, Ribosomes - ANSWER-Involved in *synthesizing proteins from amino acids.*
-Make up about a quarter of a cell.
-Some are embedded in the *Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)*
Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER-Involved in *synthesizing materials* like *proteins*
that are transported *out* of the cell.
~*Modifies and Packages proteins* secreted from the cell.
-Located near the nucleus and has layers of membranes.
Vacuoles - ANSWER-Sacs used for *storage, digestion, and waste removal*.
-Plant: Has *one large* vacuole
-Animal: Has *small, sometimes numerous* vacuoles.
Vesicles - ANSWER-Small organelle *within* a cell, has a membrane.
-Functions: *Moving materials* within a cell.
Cytoskeleton - ANSWER-Consist of *microtubules* that help *shape and support*
the cell.
Microtubules - ANSWER-Part of cytoskeleton.
-Help *support* the cell.
-Made of *proteins*
