Vttp 435 Exam 3 Questions And Answers Elaborations!!

VTTP 435 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ELABORATIONS!!
3 layers of blood
Answers:Erythrocyte layer, buffy coat layer, plasma layer
Erythrocyte layer of blood


Answers:contains red blood cells. Makes up hematocrit (~45% of whole blood)
Buffy coat layer of blood


Answers:Contains platelets(cell fragments responsible for blood clotting) and
leukocytes (WBC- defend against infection)- only ~1% of whole blood
Plasma layer of the blood


Answers:Liquid comp of blood- contains proteins and clotting factors (~55%
whole blood)
Normal blood hematocrit percentage


Answers:45%
Anemia


Answers:Low levels of RBC - hematocrit at 30%
Polycythemia


Answers:High levels of RBC - hematocrit = 70%
Dehydration (blood)

,Answers:regular levels of RBC but too little plasma - hematocrit 70%
Erythropoiesis


Answers:Generation of new RBCs in bone marrow-
Erythropoietin


Answers:secreted from kidneys to stimulate RBC creation
Isotonic


Answers:no net movement of water in or out of cells. solute outside = solute
inside. 300 mOsm
Hypotonic


Answers:less concentration OUTSIDE cell. water rushes into cell (where there is a
higher conc) - 200 mOsm
Hypertonic


Answers:higher concentration outside cell. water will rush OUT of cell (where
there is a lower conc) - 400 mOsm
Artificial blood


Answers:blood substitute- replaces lost RBCs to transport oxygen in place of real
blood
Artificial blood should not

, Answers:impact tonicity, elicit a foreign body response (low antigenicity and
blood-type compatibility), should be sterile and should be able to be stored for long
periods of time
Fluid resuscitation


Answers:Adds isosmotic solns to vasculature - maintains BP, blood volume, and
oxygen perfusion after blood loss but does NOT replenish RBC counts or
INCREASE oxygen delivery to tissue
cons of fluid resuscitation


Answers:may cause mass edema,
Poiseuille's Law: Q (flow) =


Answers:Flow rate (Q) = (pi*change pressure*r^4)/8 *viscosity *Length) -- think
of boba straw vs normal straw
Bernoulli Principle


Answers:A decrease in pressure will lead to an increase in fluid velocity
Increase in hematocrit will lead to


Answers:increased velocity and an increase in oxygen delivery to a point. Once
the hematocrit makes blood too viscous, blood flow will decrease causing a
DECREASE in oxygen flow to tissue
What is the average blood pressure at the feet


Answers:100 mmHg- 10 mmHg comes from cardiac contraction, 90 mmHg comes
from effect of gravity over length of body (HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE HEAD)
What breaks up the hydrostatic head?