Chapter 11 Wong
Exams Questions
and Complete
Solution
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,Which factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections?
a. Respirations are abdominal.
b. Pulse and respiratory rates are slower than those in infancy.
c. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy.
d. Toddlers have a short, straight internal ear canal and large lymph tissue. - Correct Answer: ANS: D
Toddlers continue to have the short, straight internal ear canal of infants. The lymphoid tissue of the
tonsils and adenoids continues to be relatively large. These two anatomic conditions combine to
predispose the toddler to frequent infections. The abdominal respirations and lowered pulse and
respiratory rate of toddlers do not affect their susceptibility to infection. The defense mechanisms are
more efficient compared with those of infancy.
The psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include which characteristic?
a. Development of a conscience
b. Recognition of sex differences
c. Ability to get along with age-mates
d. Ability to delay gratification - Correct Answer: ANS: D
If the need for basic trust has been satisfied, then toddlers can give up dependence for control,
independence, and autonomy. One of the tasks that the toddler is concerned with is the ability to delay
gratification. Development of a conscience occurs during the preschool years. The recognition of sex
differences occurs during the preschool years. The ability to get along with age-mates develops during
the preschool and school-age years.
The child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling with which developmental task?
a. Trust
b. Initiative
c. Autonomy
d. Intimacy - Correct Answer: ANS: C
,Autonomy vs shame and doubt is the developmental task of toddlers. Trust vs mistrust is the
developmental stage of infancy. Initiative vs guilt is the developmental stage of early childhood.
Intimacy and solidarity vs isolation is the developmental stage of early adulthood.
A parent of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says "no" to everything and has rapid mood
swings. If he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. The nurse's best
interpretation of this behavior is included in which statement?
a. This is normal behavior for his age.
b. This is unusual behavior for his age.
c. He is not effectively coping with stress.
d. He is showing he needs more attention. - Correct Answer: ANS: A
Toddlers use distinct behaviors in the quest for autonomy. They express their will with continued
negativity and the use of the word "no." Children at this age also have rapid mood swings. The nurse
should reassure the parents that their child is engaged in expected behavior for an 18-month-old.
Having a rapid mood swing is an expected behavior for a toddler.
A nurse is planning care for a 17-month-old child. According to Piaget, which stage should the nurse
expect the child to be in cognitively?
a. Trust
b. Preoperational
c. Secondary circular reaction
d. Tertiary circular reaction - Correct Answer: ANS: D
The 17-month-old child is in the fifth stage of the sensorimotor phase, tertiary circular reactions. The
child uses active experimentation to achieve previously unattainable goals. Trust is Erikson's first stage.
Preoperational is the stage of cognitive development usually present in older toddlers and preschoolers.
Secondary circular reactions last from about ages 4 to 8 months.
Which is descriptive of a toddler's cognitive development at age 20 months?
, a. Searches for an object only if he or she sees it being hidden
b. Realizes that "out of sight" is not out of reach
c. Puts objects into a container but cannot take them out
d. Understands the passage of time, such as "just a minute" and "in an hour" - Correct Answer: ANS: B
At this age, the child is in the final sensorimotor stage. Children will now search for an object in several
potential places, even though they saw only the original hiding place. Children have a more developed
sense of objective permanence. They will search for objects even if they have not seen them hidden.
When a child puts objects into a container but cannot take them out, this is indicative of tertiary circular
reactions. An embryonic sense of time exists, although the children may behave appropriately to time-
oriented phrases; their sense of timing is exaggerated.
Although a 14-month-old girl received a shock from an electric outlet recently, her parent finds her
about to place a paper clip in another outlet. Which is the best interpretation of this behavior?
a. Her cognitive development is delayed.
b. This is typical behavior because toddlers are not very developed.
c. This is typical behavior because of the inability to transfer knowledge to new situations.
d. This is not typical behavior because toddlers should know better than to repeat an act that caused
pain. - Correct Answer: ANS: C
During the tertiary circular reactions stage, children have only a rudimentary sense of the classification
of objects. The appearance of an object denotes its function for these children. The slot of an outlet is
for putting things into. Her cognitive development is appropriate for her age. Trying to put things into an
outlet is typical behavior for a toddler. Only some awareness exists of a causal relation between events.
Two toddlers are playing in a sandbox when one child suddenly grabs a toy from the other child. Which
is the best interpretation of this behavior?
a. This is typical behavior because toddlers are aggressive.
b. This is typical behavior because toddlers are egocentric.
c. Toddlers should know that sharing toys is expected of them.
Exams Questions
and Complete
Solution
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,Which factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections?
a. Respirations are abdominal.
b. Pulse and respiratory rates are slower than those in infancy.
c. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy.
d. Toddlers have a short, straight internal ear canal and large lymph tissue. - Correct Answer: ANS: D
Toddlers continue to have the short, straight internal ear canal of infants. The lymphoid tissue of the
tonsils and adenoids continues to be relatively large. These two anatomic conditions combine to
predispose the toddler to frequent infections. The abdominal respirations and lowered pulse and
respiratory rate of toddlers do not affect their susceptibility to infection. The defense mechanisms are
more efficient compared with those of infancy.
The psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include which characteristic?
a. Development of a conscience
b. Recognition of sex differences
c. Ability to get along with age-mates
d. Ability to delay gratification - Correct Answer: ANS: D
If the need for basic trust has been satisfied, then toddlers can give up dependence for control,
independence, and autonomy. One of the tasks that the toddler is concerned with is the ability to delay
gratification. Development of a conscience occurs during the preschool years. The recognition of sex
differences occurs during the preschool years. The ability to get along with age-mates develops during
the preschool and school-age years.
The child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling with which developmental task?
a. Trust
b. Initiative
c. Autonomy
d. Intimacy - Correct Answer: ANS: C
,Autonomy vs shame and doubt is the developmental task of toddlers. Trust vs mistrust is the
developmental stage of infancy. Initiative vs guilt is the developmental stage of early childhood.
Intimacy and solidarity vs isolation is the developmental stage of early adulthood.
A parent of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says "no" to everything and has rapid mood
swings. If he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. The nurse's best
interpretation of this behavior is included in which statement?
a. This is normal behavior for his age.
b. This is unusual behavior for his age.
c. He is not effectively coping with stress.
d. He is showing he needs more attention. - Correct Answer: ANS: A
Toddlers use distinct behaviors in the quest for autonomy. They express their will with continued
negativity and the use of the word "no." Children at this age also have rapid mood swings. The nurse
should reassure the parents that their child is engaged in expected behavior for an 18-month-old.
Having a rapid mood swing is an expected behavior for a toddler.
A nurse is planning care for a 17-month-old child. According to Piaget, which stage should the nurse
expect the child to be in cognitively?
a. Trust
b. Preoperational
c. Secondary circular reaction
d. Tertiary circular reaction - Correct Answer: ANS: D
The 17-month-old child is in the fifth stage of the sensorimotor phase, tertiary circular reactions. The
child uses active experimentation to achieve previously unattainable goals. Trust is Erikson's first stage.
Preoperational is the stage of cognitive development usually present in older toddlers and preschoolers.
Secondary circular reactions last from about ages 4 to 8 months.
Which is descriptive of a toddler's cognitive development at age 20 months?
, a. Searches for an object only if he or she sees it being hidden
b. Realizes that "out of sight" is not out of reach
c. Puts objects into a container but cannot take them out
d. Understands the passage of time, such as "just a minute" and "in an hour" - Correct Answer: ANS: B
At this age, the child is in the final sensorimotor stage. Children will now search for an object in several
potential places, even though they saw only the original hiding place. Children have a more developed
sense of objective permanence. They will search for objects even if they have not seen them hidden.
When a child puts objects into a container but cannot take them out, this is indicative of tertiary circular
reactions. An embryonic sense of time exists, although the children may behave appropriately to time-
oriented phrases; their sense of timing is exaggerated.
Although a 14-month-old girl received a shock from an electric outlet recently, her parent finds her
about to place a paper clip in another outlet. Which is the best interpretation of this behavior?
a. Her cognitive development is delayed.
b. This is typical behavior because toddlers are not very developed.
c. This is typical behavior because of the inability to transfer knowledge to new situations.
d. This is not typical behavior because toddlers should know better than to repeat an act that caused
pain. - Correct Answer: ANS: C
During the tertiary circular reactions stage, children have only a rudimentary sense of the classification
of objects. The appearance of an object denotes its function for these children. The slot of an outlet is
for putting things into. Her cognitive development is appropriate for her age. Trying to put things into an
outlet is typical behavior for a toddler. Only some awareness exists of a causal relation between events.
Two toddlers are playing in a sandbox when one child suddenly grabs a toy from the other child. Which
is the best interpretation of this behavior?
a. This is typical behavior because toddlers are aggressive.
b. This is typical behavior because toddlers are egocentric.
c. Toddlers should know that sharing toys is expected of them.
