Ch 1-5 Exam (natural science)
What two terms can be used to refer to a scientific idea or set of ideas that is supported by many
observations and experiments? - Answer -theory and law of nature
In 2020 during the height of the Covid-19 pandemic, Sinovac Research and Development Co. devised a
phase III clinical trial of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the experimental vaccine in healthy adults aged 18-59 years.
Which of the following best describes the control group for this experiment? - Answer -people who
received the placebo (no dose)
You come back from camping, an activity you participate in often. You discover that you have a rash on
the soles of your feet--again! You think back to when you had seen it once before--it was after camping
at the same site. Keeping in mind the scientific method, you create a hypothesis. What would be the
best hypothesis? - Answer -walking barefoot around the campsite may give me rash
A study is done on 100 ulcer patients to test the hypothesis that Gastrocillin, a new antibiotic, will treat
ulcers. The treatment group (TG) of 50 receives Gastrocillin; the control group (CG) of 50 receives a
sugar pill. What result would indicate that the hypothesis is supported? - Answer -TG: 5 patients with
ulcers; CG: 45 patients with ulcers.
Does the process of science yield definitive answers? - Answer -No, because in science all ideas are
subject to revision.
In which step of the scientific method does one look for regularities or repetitions in collected data? -
Answer -Identify patterns.
, What did Dr. Warren believe was causing stomach ulcers? - Answer -Helicobacter pylori
When we modify some aspect of our world and take note of the outcome we are - Answer -carrying out
an experiment.
To test the "excess acid" hypothesis for ulcers, doctors gave one set of ulcer patients antacids and the
other set sugar pills. If the "excess acid" hypothesis was supported by the study, what would the
outcome of the study show? - Answer -That the set taking sugar pills had more ulcers.
Phrenology is an example of - Answer -pseudoscience because the "facts" about it are not true.
You journey to another planet that is twice as massive as the Earth but that has the same diameter. You
step onto its surface with your bathroom scale in hand, and you weigh yourself on the scale. What will
you find? - Answer -That you weigh more than on Earth because this planet is more massive than Earth.
You walk around a track holding a very full cup of coffee at a constant speed of 2.5 mph. Think about
Newton's First Law. By this law when is the coffee least likely to spill? - Answer -When you walk along
the straight part of the track at 2.5 mph.
If an object changes its speed or direction, what can you be certain of? - Answer -That an unbalanced
force is present.
Think back to the cart and pulley demonstration and Newton's second law. A cart with mass m is
connected by a string to a weight on a pulley, and the acceleration of the cart, a, due to the force of
gravity, F, pulling down on the weight is determined. The same cart is now made four times more
massive but remains connected by the string to the same weight as before. What will be the new
measured acceleration? - Answer -It will be four times less because mass and acceleration are inversely
proportional.
Our modern understanding of the planetary orbits in our solar system is consistent with a mathematical
law developed by and named after which scientist? - Answer -Kepler
Is the moon in uniform motion as it circles the Earth? - Answer -No, because it travels in an elliptical
orbit.
What two terms can be used to refer to a scientific idea or set of ideas that is supported by many
observations and experiments? - Answer -theory and law of nature
In 2020 during the height of the Covid-19 pandemic, Sinovac Research and Development Co. devised a
phase III clinical trial of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of the experimental vaccine in healthy adults aged 18-59 years.
Which of the following best describes the control group for this experiment? - Answer -people who
received the placebo (no dose)
You come back from camping, an activity you participate in often. You discover that you have a rash on
the soles of your feet--again! You think back to when you had seen it once before--it was after camping
at the same site. Keeping in mind the scientific method, you create a hypothesis. What would be the
best hypothesis? - Answer -walking barefoot around the campsite may give me rash
A study is done on 100 ulcer patients to test the hypothesis that Gastrocillin, a new antibiotic, will treat
ulcers. The treatment group (TG) of 50 receives Gastrocillin; the control group (CG) of 50 receives a
sugar pill. What result would indicate that the hypothesis is supported? - Answer -TG: 5 patients with
ulcers; CG: 45 patients with ulcers.
Does the process of science yield definitive answers? - Answer -No, because in science all ideas are
subject to revision.
In which step of the scientific method does one look for regularities or repetitions in collected data? -
Answer -Identify patterns.
, What did Dr. Warren believe was causing stomach ulcers? - Answer -Helicobacter pylori
When we modify some aspect of our world and take note of the outcome we are - Answer -carrying out
an experiment.
To test the "excess acid" hypothesis for ulcers, doctors gave one set of ulcer patients antacids and the
other set sugar pills. If the "excess acid" hypothesis was supported by the study, what would the
outcome of the study show? - Answer -That the set taking sugar pills had more ulcers.
Phrenology is an example of - Answer -pseudoscience because the "facts" about it are not true.
You journey to another planet that is twice as massive as the Earth but that has the same diameter. You
step onto its surface with your bathroom scale in hand, and you weigh yourself on the scale. What will
you find? - Answer -That you weigh more than on Earth because this planet is more massive than Earth.
You walk around a track holding a very full cup of coffee at a constant speed of 2.5 mph. Think about
Newton's First Law. By this law when is the coffee least likely to spill? - Answer -When you walk along
the straight part of the track at 2.5 mph.
If an object changes its speed or direction, what can you be certain of? - Answer -That an unbalanced
force is present.
Think back to the cart and pulley demonstration and Newton's second law. A cart with mass m is
connected by a string to a weight on a pulley, and the acceleration of the cart, a, due to the force of
gravity, F, pulling down on the weight is determined. The same cart is now made four times more
massive but remains connected by the string to the same weight as before. What will be the new
measured acceleration? - Answer -It will be four times less because mass and acceleration are inversely
proportional.
Our modern understanding of the planetary orbits in our solar system is consistent with a mathematical
law developed by and named after which scientist? - Answer -Kepler
Is the moon in uniform motion as it circles the Earth? - Answer -No, because it travels in an elliptical
orbit.
