HORMONES -> Biochemical mediators, produced by endocrine glands, acting on target organs/receptors.
Endocrine Glands:
- The same hormone can be produced in different endocrine glands.
- One endocrine gland can produce several different hormones.
Classification of Hormones:
1. Hormones synthesized by amino acids
- From Tyrosine = Catecholamines (Epinephrine
& Noradrenalin) & Thyroid hormones (thyroxine)
- From Tryptophan = Melatonine
2. Hormones with peptide structure
- Glycoproteins (TSH,FSH;LH,
Erythropoietin, Inhinbin)
- Peptides/Proteins (ADH, Oxytocin,
ACTH, MSH, Prolactin, Insulin, glucagon,
parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, leptin, resistin)
3. Hormones that are lipid soluble
- Steroid hormones (Androgens, estrogens, progesterone, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, calcitriol.)
- H deriv. From arachidonic acid (Leukotrienes, Prostaglandins, Prostacyclins, Thromboxanes)
Characteristics of hormones:
Endocrine Glands:
- The same hormone can be produced in different endocrine glands.
- One endocrine gland can produce several different hormones.
Classification of Hormones:
1. Hormones synthesized by amino acids
- From Tyrosine = Catecholamines (Epinephrine
& Noradrenalin) & Thyroid hormones (thyroxine)
- From Tryptophan = Melatonine
2. Hormones with peptide structure
- Glycoproteins (TSH,FSH;LH,
Erythropoietin, Inhinbin)
- Peptides/Proteins (ADH, Oxytocin,
ACTH, MSH, Prolactin, Insulin, glucagon,
parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, leptin, resistin)
3. Hormones that are lipid soluble
- Steroid hormones (Androgens, estrogens, progesterone, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, calcitriol.)
- H deriv. From arachidonic acid (Leukotrienes, Prostaglandins, Prostacyclins, Thromboxanes)
Characteristics of hormones:
