Summary Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Study Notes for Introductory Biology (Handwritten)

MELOSIS AND SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION

, MELOSIS AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

meiosis is of nuclear division that reduces chromosome number from diploid (2n) to
type
haploid (n)
↳
diploid (2n) number >
-
total number of chromosomes , exists in two sets

↳
haploid (n) number -
half the diploid number ,
single set of chromosomes

reduces diploid number of 46 chromosomes to haploid number of 23 chromosomes in humans




reproductive cells that have haploid number of chromosomes
gametes
=




↳ in sexual reproduction haploid (produced meiosis) into a
gametes during merge
diploid cell- zygote
↳
in plants and animals ,
zygote develops into adult
organism

meiosis to reduce diploid number of chromosomes into haploid number so that
necessary ,




parents can produce diploid
offspring
HOMOLOGOUS PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES




display of human chromosome shows them arranged
in
karyotype pictorial
is a - pairs
,


of each
members pair
=
homologous chromosomes homologues or


Sister chromatics




in ap licatiohngome
look alike
homologues length and centromere
to
same


position
, when stained
they have similar
banding
pattern
Lo contains traits in order in
genes for some same


for different
locations
- b but can code
things ,


e one can code for blue and
eyes
↑ aternal chromosome maternal chromosome on one
g
.
.




for brown on other
eyes
↳ alternative
forms of a alleles
gene
=




sequence of alleles similar but different produce alternative
DNA are
very enough to physical
traits (e .




g
.
blue or brown
eyes)