NU 272 Exam 3 Questions and Correct Answers

NU 272 Exam 3 Questions and Correct Answers Energy metabolism ✅refers to the chemical processes involved in converting carbohydrates, fats, and proteins from the foods we eat into the energy needed for cell functions Non-modifiable risk factors ✅genetics Gender Ethnicity Life span considerations Infants obesity ✅Review of family history Life span considerations children/ adolescents ✅-Goiter -Family History -Most endocrine issues with children are autoimmune or tumor Life span considerations Pregnant women ✅-Uterus becomes an endocrine gland -gestational diabetes. -Increased risk for thyroid hormone production abnormalities. Life consideration older adults ✅-Nodules and irregular borders of Thyroid -Assess cognitive ability to answer questions -Most common metabolic disorder osteoporosis Obesity Shape ✅Upper body Apple Lower body Pear Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) ✅sum of all the calories used to perform physical activity, maintain basal metabolism, and digest, absorb, and metabolize food. Causes obesity ✅imbalance between calorie intake and energy expenditure, genetics, metabolism, behavior, environment, culture, various medical conditions Energy nutrients ✅carbohydrates, fats, proteins Regulatory Nutrients ✅vitamins, minerals, water Complete proteins ✅animal protein or plant protein + small amount of animal protein or two complementary vegetable proteins. Adipose tissue ✅90% of body energy stored here BMI ✅▸ratio of weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters). ▸also provides an estimation of relative risk for diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Underweight BMI ✅<18.5 Normal BMI ✅18.5-24.9 Overweight BMI ✅25-29.9 Obesity BMI ✅30-35 Class1 35-40 class 2 Extreme obesity 40+ Class 3 Excessive fat in abdomen ✅is an independent predictor of risk factors and mortality Obesity prevention and treatment options ✅▸Dietary modifications ▸Exercise ▸Stress management ▸Bariatric surgery Obesity treatment at what BMI ✅25-30 And 30 plus ▸Roux -en-Y gastric bypass Surgery ✅Restrictive and Malabsorptive Sleeve gastrectomy ✅Restrictive Complications weight loss surgery ✅▸Hemorrhage ▸DVT/PE ▸Dumping Syndrome ▸Bile reflux Bowel Obstruction Cirrhosis ✅End stage chronic liver disease. It is a progressive, irreversible disorder, eventually leading to liver failure. Most common types of cirrhosis ✅Alcoholic cirrhosisbiliary cirrhosis, post hepatic cirrhosis Biliary Atresia ✅Failed to open or closed