FSE112- Midterm Study Guide Questions & Correct Answers

What is Pagan? - Correct Answer Idolatrous or heathen. Refers to beliefs and practices devoted to worshiping idols or multiple gods, prior to Christ Common belief of people considered to be Pagan? - Correct Answer Man's obligation are limited to man itself and human relations. Reincarnation, object or idol worship, and nature worship. Body and soul always connected, the soul is never freed from the body. Is Western culture mostly pagan or something else today? - Correct Answer Western culture is a composition of Greek aesthetics and philosophy, Roman law, and administrative capabilities, all incorporated into our dominant Judaeo-Christian tradition Why was the sun important to early Egyptians? - Correct Answer Because the sun was believed to be the center and focus of the universe. Everything came from and returned to the sun. Who was Osiris? - Correct Answer The god of the underworld and judge of the dead. Known as fertility god and god of the Nile River Cult of Osiris? - Correct Answer Attributed a divine origin to the soul and believed that throughout life it was engaged in a constant struggle with good and evil. If you were justified, after judged by Osiris, you passed into perpetual happiness and if you were condemned, into perpetual misery. What was the circle of Necessity? - Correct Answer A 3000 year journey the soul was required to make before it could return to the body. After that the whole man would rise from the dead and live with the gods forever. How did the plague, or threat thereof, affect the burial customs of the early Egyptians? - Correct Answer They devised burial methods that limited contamination of the soil. Dry burial was common. Much less expensive than embalming and more available to the masses. Why was embalming practiced in the early Egyptian society? - Correct Answer To preserve the body for the afterlife since they believed life after death was literal. How did Egyptian social classes vary in their embalming techniques? - Correct Answer 3 different classes, each varied in expense What were canopic jars? - Correct Answer Containers used to store body organs Different canopic jars and designs - Correct Answer 4 jars were used, each had a carved figure on them. Specifi