Child Development and Guidance

Children develop holistically, which means that - children's development in each domain inluences and is inluenced by their development in all the other domains All children - ollow the same sequence o development but proceed at their own individual rate Orderly, predictable sequences o change occur in ____ domains o children's development - all missing an optimal period or learning and development in a domain - makes development in that domain more diicult and may prevent the child rom reaching the level o competency in this area that he might have reached i his development had not been delayed Children's ability to relate to and interact with other people is a part o their _____ development - social Managing and expressing eelings is part o children's _______ development - emotional Which o the ollowing are part o physical development? I. brain development II. sensory awareness III. small motor skills IV. perceptual development V. coordination o muscle groups VI. large motor skills - I, II, III, IV, V, VI Cognitive development reers to - how children come to know and understand the world Language development includes I. understanding what others say or sign II. written language III. spoken language IV. coordination o muscle groups V. sign language - I, II, III, V Which o the ollowing are part o cognitive development? I. solving problems II. ability to express emotions III. reasoning IV. coordination o muscle groups V. thinking - I, III, V Which style o play is characterized by children engaging in a common activity exchanging toys, but not assigning roles or organizing group goals? - associative play The best carbohydrates or children are - complex carbohydrates Coaxing, urging, or orcing children to eat - can cause serious eating disorders Which o the ollowing has research ound to be the most eective strategy to help children improve their skill perormance? - practice Children who eel they are incapable - expect themselves to ail I young children do not succeed the irst time they try a task that is within the child's capability, the teacher or caregiver should - allow the child to experiment and keep on trying until she succeeds Which o the ollowing is the most important or young children's learning? - spontaneous, sel-paced play The Child ind program - provides services such as physical therapy and special education Which o the ollowing is an indicator that a child may need evaluation to detect a developmental delay? I. ailure to respond to voices II. the child eels unusually sti when held III. inability to track objects with the eyes IV. persistent ear inections V. the child eels unusually loppy when held VI. true loss o developmental skills - I, II, III, IV, V, VI In the section, "Developmental Concerns" Marny Helrich states that when told that their child may have a developmental challenge, most parents - appreciate the caregiver's concern and insight Which o the ollowing is the single most powerul stimulator or inants' development? A. playing with other children B. watching other children C. hearing adults talk to them D. trust - D. trust The sense o object permanence means that the child realizes that - objects and people continue to exist even when the inant cannot see them Most children have a secure sense o object permanence by - 18 months o age Inants who receive prompt, consistent, appropriate responses rom their caregivers - eel secure Toddlers' use o the word "no" - is a symbol o their emerging power as an independent individual Helping toddlers develop a sense o time - helps them learn sel-control Toddlers - are oten too busy taking care o their own needs to understand sharing The type o play that is most typical or two and three year olds is - parallel play to promote children's language development, the best time or adults to begin talking to children is - rom birth A toddler serving o grains, ruits, or vegetables is - rom 1/4 to 1/2 cup Which o the ollowing are ways to help toddlers develop their independence? I. When something must be done, give them a choice about when or how it is done II. Ask them "would you like to..." questions, even when they don't really have a choice III. Give them a choice o oods to eat IV. Give them many activities to choose rom V. Whenever possible, avoid letting them do things their own way - I, III, IV Toddlers should be allowed to eed themselves - any way they like and whenever they wish Pretend play helps toddlers I. learn sel-control II. understand their eelings III. act out their ears IV. explore what is possible V. understand the world around them - I, II, III, IV, V I a toddler ignores a request, your best response is to - calmly go to where the child is ans kindly help the child obey When toddlers express anger or rustration, your best response is to - reassure children that they are important, even when they are angry and rustrated and have lost their sel-control At three years o age, the typical child - is physically active and learning to use their body skillully By age three, most children can I. draw clear, bold lines with conidence II. copy a circle rom a drawing o a circle III. draw a human igure showing a head, torso, arms, hands, legs, and eet IV. do simple puzzles V. build stable nine - or ten - block towers - I, II, IV, V During the early preschool period, children are typically I. curious II. earul o new experiences III. eager to learn new words IV. unaware o their own emotions V. happy and un to be with - I, III, V Most young preschoolers I. have a clear understanding that in counting, each number must be matched with one and only one object II. can answer "what" questions about amiliar things III. can identiy the dierent object when given two objects that are alike and one that is dierent IV. know their own name, age, and gender V. have some sense o today, yesterday, and tomorrow - II, III, IV, V Periods o disequilibrium in preschoolers' development are typically the result o - growth changes Adults' best response to children's stuttering is to - ignore the stuttering and pay close attention to what the child is saying During the early preschool period, I. aggressive behavior is more common than during the toddler period II. children interact best in groups o three or our III. children enjoy opportunities to help perorm meaningul tasks IV. group pretend play is very important V. children's talk is increasingly directed toward adults rather than other children - III, IV our-year-olds typically have I. good large-muscle control II. a desire to move ast and go ar III. strong upper leg muscles Iv. poor body awareness V. poor balance and coordination - I, II, III our-year-olds typically I. have poor hand-eye coordination II. have a short attention span III. have good small-muscle control