BPH206 Quiz 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS TOP GRADED 2024

water chlorination, hand washing, and indoor plumbing - 3 factors that have largely eliminated the transmission of common bacterial diseases, which for centuries killed the young and old 1. reduction of blood pressure and cholesterol 2. cigarette smoking prevention and cessation efforts 3. use of low-dose aspirin 4. understanding of the role of exercise 5. widespread availability of defibrillators - preventive successes that have reduced the death rate from coronary artery disease by 50% include 1. obesity 2. opioid overdose deaths - examples of epidemics providing services for vulnerable populations or those at higher than average risk of disease and/or bad outcomes of disease, either directly or through the healthcare system. also about determining risks to health and providing successful interventions that are applicable to everyone - public health has always been about 1900s definition of public health - the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized community effort recent public health definition - organized community efforts aimed at the prevention of disease and the promotion of health 21st century public health definition - the totality of all evidence-based public and private efforts throughout the life cycle that preserve and promote health and prevent disease, disability, and death "health in all policies" approach - an examination of the full range of interventions to address health issues, including the structure and function of healthcare delivery systems, plus the role of public policies that affect health even when health is not their intended effect; private and public entities work toward common goals to achieve improved health for all while reducing health inequities population health - big picture perspective that takes into account the full range of factors that affect health and considers their interactions 1. health protection (antiquity-1830s) 2. hygiene movement (s) 3. contagion control (s) 4. filling holes in the medical care system (1950s-mid-1980s) 5. health promotion/disease prevention (mid-1980s-2000) 6. population health (2000s) - eras of public health James Lind - demonstrated that lemons and other citrus fruit could prevent and treat scurvy, a then-common disease among sailors, whose daily nourishment was devoid of citrus fruit, the best source of vitamin C Edward Jenner - recognized that cowpox, a common mild ailment among those who milked cows, protected those who developed it against life-threatening smallpox. developed a vaccine by placing fluid from cowpox sores under the skin of recipients and exposing them to smallpox