Chapter 45: nutrition key terms and Questions With Complete Solutions

Albumin - ANS protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood Anabolism - ANS Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy. anorexia nervosa - ANS an eating disorder in which an irrational fear of weight gain leads people to starve themselves basal metabolic rate - ANS the body's resting rate of energy expenditure Body Mass Index (BMI) - ANS a measure of body weight relative to height bulimia nervosa - ANS an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise Carbohydrates - ANS the starches and sugars present in foods Catabolism - ANS Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy. Chyme - ANS Partially digested, semiliquid food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the stomach. Daily Values - ANS Recommendations that specify the amounts of certain nutrients that the average person should obtain each day. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) - ANS A set of nutritional reference values for the United States and Canada that applies to healthy people. Dispensable amino acids - ANS Amino acids that the body synthesizes dysphagia - ANS difficulty swallowing enteral nutrition - ANS alternate form of feeding that involves passing a tube into the gastrointestinal tract to allow instillation of the appropriate formula fat solubale vitamins - ANS Vitamins A, D, E, and K are called the fat-soluble vitamins, because they are soluble in organic solvents and are absorbed and transported in a manner similar to that of fats. Fiber - ANS A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest food security - ANS Physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.