BIOL 1902 Exam-Questions with Correct Answers/ Expert Verified/ Latest Update/ Already Grade A+

BIOL 1902 Exam -Questions with Correct Answers/ Expert Verified/ Latest Update/ Already Grade A+ Batesian Mimicry vs. Mullerian Mimicry - ✔✔Batesian: model and mimic Mullerian: all toxic, unrelated groupings Thanatosis - ✔✔playing dead Why do white tail deer and rabbits stick up their tail when running from a predator? - ✔✔1 - distracting predators so they'll trip or smth 2 - warning others of danger 3 - telling the predator to give up bc they've been noticed tapetum lucidum - ✔✔Layer o f cells at back of nocturnal eyes to capture more light Mixed species flock vs single species flock - ✔✔Single species: abundant food sources Mixed species: different less available food sources Thistle - ✔✔Modified leaves, have spine, ex. Cacti Thorns - ✔✔modified branches, analogous to porcupine quills Prickles - ✔✔Modified hairs, prickly ash shrub may be prickles or thistles Trichomes - ✔✔Modified plant hairs loaded a chemicals usually Digestibility reducers - ✔✔Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, li gnin, silica Calcium oxalate crystals - ✔✔Cause burning sensation when eaten, ex. Arum plants Terpenoids v alkaloids - ✔✔Terpenoids are bitter, no nitrogen Alkaloids contain nitrogen, can bind to digestive system Astringency - ✔✔Bitter taste, ex. Tannin Constitutive defence - ✔✔Always present Example of inducible defence - ✔✔Black cherry leaves Phytohormones - ✔✔Defence call in a plant; josmonic acid, ethylene, salicylic acid Mammal thermogenesis and insulation layers - ✔✔Guard hair;underfur;subcutaneous fat;brown fat Bird insulations and thermogenesis layers - ✔✔Contour feathers;down;subcutaneous fat Gloger's Rule - ✔✔White animals are more common in cold climates/north of t he equator Allen's rule - ✔✔Small extremities + big bod = best heat retention Bergmann's Rule - ✔✔The principle that an animal's size is heat -related; smaller bodies are adapted to hot environments, and larger bodies are adapted to cold environments. AKA low surface area: volume ratio is best (polar bears not a shrew) (100:90 is better than 1000:50) Best winter bird roost site - ✔✔Coniferous trees (retain needles) w snow What animals, beside woodpeckers, sleep in tree cavities? - ✔✔Small owls, black ca pped chickadees, huddles of flying squirrels and raccoons respectively