NUR 3128 - Module 9 Exam 2

NUR 3128 - Module 9 Exam 2 Diagnostic Stains - answerUse: -Locate extraocular lesions or foreign objects -Evaluate dry eyes or extraocular changes -Allow more thorough examination -May be combined with local anesthetics Diagnostic Stains - answerExamples: -Fluorescein sodium, ophthalmic -Rose bengal, ophthalmic -Lissamine green Diagnostic Stains - answerNursing interventions: -External eye is discolored but will dissipate -Nasal secretions are stained -Soft contact lenses are discolored -Rinse eye with normal saline after procedure Mydriatics & Cycloplegics - answerUse: -Diagnostic procedures -Ophthalmic surgery Mydriatics - answerAction: dilate pupils Cycloplegics - answeraction: Paralyze the accommodation muscles Topical Anesthetics - answerUse: -Selected aspects of comprehensive eye exam -Ophthalmic procedures Topical Anesthetics - answerAction: -Locally block pain signals at eye's nerve endings -Corneal anesthesia achieved within 15 seconds -Generally lasts ~15 min Topical Anesthetics - answerExamples: -Poparacaine hydrochloride -Tetracaine hydrochloride Topical Anesthetics - answerNursing interventions: -Protect the eye -Blink reflex is temporarily lost! -Client education Ophthalmic Antiinfectives - answerUse: -Bacterial Conjunctivitis -Blepharitis -Corneal lesion/ abrasion (bacterial, fungal) -Corneal ulcer -Keratitis -Superficial external ocular infections -External ocular fungal infections -Herpetic ophthalmic infections (HSV-1 & HSV-2) Types: Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral Ophthalmic Antiinfectives - answerRoutes: -Ophthalmic ointment -Ophthalmic solution -Ophthalmic suspension Nursing interventions: -Medication administration -Prevention of spread of infection Ophthalmic Antiinflammatories - answerUse: Inflammation of the eye not due to infectious pathogens -Allergic conjunctivitis -Allergies -Corneal abrasion/ injury -Post-operative ocular inflammation Inflammation secondary to a bacterial or fungal infection -Combined with or in addition to an antibacterial regimen -Keratitis Ophthalmic Antiinflammatories - answerTypes -Immunosuppressants (cyclosporine) -Ophthalmic NSAIDs (diclofenac, ketorolac) -Corticosteroids* (dexamethasone, prednisolone) Contraindications: -Antiallergy medications -Antihistamines -Mast cell stabilizers Ophthalmic Decongestants - answerUse