Davita PCT Final Exam | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+| VERIFIED & UPDATED| 2024

Davita PCT Final Exam | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+| VERIFIED & UPDATED| 2024 1. what treatment factors decrease K in the K t/v to decrease --Correct Answer- not waiting 3-5minutes after heparin, decreasing BFR, DFR, and BVP 2. what factors influence "V" in K t/v: accurate data entry by nurses in snappy, sex age, weight, and amputation 3. what are the needle gauges and prescribed blood flow rates --Correct Answer- they are inversely related 17g 200-250 15g 250-350 15g 350-400 14 g 400 – 450 4. what is the procedure for post BUN lab draw --Correct Answer- if pt wants off early, still draw the labs and educate patient about the risks. Redraw next time a pt runs full tx to show pt difference 5. what lab draw mistakes would falsely increase K t/V: not waiting the full 15 seconds 6. What is important when monitoring weight and BP in AKI patients --Correct Answer- keep patients wet (hydrated) and avoid hypotensive episodes= cause renal ischemia 7. What do you need to consider in regards to CVCs --Correct Answer- follow P&P b/c the risk of infection is so high 8. Why is it important to know what caused a patients chronic renal failure?-: we need to know about possible problems during data collection and assessment 9. What is the role of the PCT prior to tx initiation --Correct Answer- assessment of pt if anyabnormal findings or if the pt is in an acute condition 10. what happens in the BP cuff is the wrong size: loose BP-- high reading tight BP -- low reading 11. why is it so bad to squeeze the BP cuff if its connected to the machine --Correct Answer- it can damage the internal BP mechanism 12. Why is it so important that we document in the medical record --Correct Answer- it providesdata for continuity and planning of care 13. when do pre-treatment data collection and assessment take place --Correct Answer- col-lection: before tx assessment: w/in 1 hr if pt is stable 14. when is post-treatment data collection and assessment performed --Correct Answer- post treatment-- not before treatment or when they are disconnected 15. what are the consequences of poor or incomplete documentation: can open attack on your care 16. What are the six items needed in charting meds --Correct Answer- med/dosage date/time route reason (remember this!) pt response signature 17. What are the 5 Ws to be used when completing an AOR --Correct Answer- who what when where why how 18. What are the 4 consequences of sodium loading during dialysis --Correct Answer- increased thirst increased fluid intake increased intradialytic weight gain = htn increased UFR 19. what is the purpose of UF profiling --Correct Answer- change the way fluid is remodeled during the tx and allows for vascular refilling 20. what are the consequences of hypovolemia during tx --Correct Answer- attempting to re- move a lot of fluid -- hypovolemia during tx -- loss of renal function, ischemia and increased mortality rate 21. what must the machine's conductivity and pH reading supposed to be?-: machine and manual conductivity: w/in +/-0.4 pH range: 6.9 - 7.6, measured to verify acid/base balance is in acceptable range 22. at what temperature does hemolysis occur --Correct Answer- 42 degrees C 23. What do we do in a power outage --Correct Answer- remove venous line from air detector, clamp, before starting hand crank and be diligent in watching for air in blood lines 24. what causes a high venous pressure alarm --Correct Answer- kink in tubing, clotting in venous drip chamber, infiltration, venous stenosis 25. what are the risks of doing things "your way" and not the P&P way --Correct Answer- it can lead to civil liability 26. what makes dialysis pts more susceptible to healthcare acquired infections --Correct Answer- prolonged access to pts blood, and immune compramised 27. why are dialysis pts at an increased risk for acquiring HAIs at the facility --Correct Answer- contact transmission 28. what is the most common transmission route for HAIs: contact transmission-- hands 29. what is the most important invention you can do to prevent HAIs --Correct Answer- hand-washing 30. what is the most common infectious complication in hemodialysis pts?-: per the CDC, the most common factor contributing to bacteremia is use of CVCs 31. What germ causes the most common infections in hemodialysis pts --Correct Answer- - MRSA which can remain on surfaces for days w/ plastic vinyl being most favorable to their survival 32. why is wearing gloves so important --Correct Answer- decrease risk of hand contamination and prevent transfer of organisms already on hands 33. what is the correct procedure in regards to your hands when you have causal contact w/ a pt: no gloves but must perform hand hygiene before care on pts 34. Successful lab draw must know: follow order the lab draws to prevent specimen from being contaminated w/ other tube additives, double labeling tubes prohibits processing 35. rules for spinning samples: only spin tube of some kind of size and fill level and should be placed opposite of each other 36. What are the symptoms of hyperkalemia --Correct Answer- extreme muscle weakness abnormal HR, cardiac arrest 37. what are the symptoms of hypokalemia --Correct Answer- fatigue, muscle weakness, respiratory failure 38. what is the primary cause of erythropoietin --Correct Answer- primary cause 39. how can you prevent contributing to blood loss --Correct Answer- --adequate heperanization --ensure epo given -- completely rinse back blood --avoid repeat lab draws 40. what is pericarditis? what is included in its treatment --Correct Answer- w/ dialysis hold or decrease heparin 41. systemic effects of CRF what should you do for a pt that complains of dry, itchy skin: use hyper fatted soaps and lotions 42. what should you do for a pt that complains of peripheral neuropathy --Correct Answer- - educate pt not to walk barefoot, frequent foot checks, check temp of bathwater 43. What are the four key elements affected in CKD-MBD: Ca2+ PO4 parathyroid hormone vitamin D 44. what are the symptoms of CKD-MBD in addition to bone disease --Correct Answer-soft-tis-sue calcification 45. what is the best way to help pts successfully change behaviors --Correct Answer- inspirebehavior change through support, compassion, and empathy 46. What does DARN stand for --Correct Answer- desire, ability, reason, need 47. FYI from Meghan: know the questions at the end of the motivational interviewing hand out (one of the PCTs at Red Hawk told me this_): fyi 48. when should the communication style "directing" be used --Correct Answer- best used when training to perform procedures 49. what are the three core communication skills to be used w/in the communication style --Correct Answer- asking listening informing 50. what is the righting reflex --Correct Answer- automatic intervention of a healthcare practitioner who observes pt doing something detrimental to his/her health 51. What is reflective listening --Correct Answer- includes main aspects of what the pt said during the entire communication 52. what are the four transport mechanisms that play a role in hemodialysis?- : ultrafiltration convection diffusion osmosis 53. what is important when monitoring pt weight and BP --Correct Answer- keep patients wet and avoid hypotensive episodes b/c it can cause kidney injury 54. what do you need to consider in regards to their vascular access --Correct Answer- follow P&P to prevent infections 55. why is it important to know what caused your patient's CRF --Correct Answer- to inquire about possible problems during data collection and assessment 56. how often do we screen for Hep C --Correct Answer- yearly for patients and teammates 57. tips to remember for successful lab draws: 1) follow order of lab draws to prevent specimens from being contaminated with other tube additives 2) double labeling tubes prohibits processing 58. rules for spinning samples: only spin tube of same kind, size, and fill level and should be placed opposite of each other 59. systemic effects of CRF what would you advise for a pt who complains of dry, itchy, skin: hyper fatty soaps and lotions 60. systemic effects of CRF- what would you advise for a patient who com- plains of peripheral neuropathy --Correct Answer- no walking barefoot, check water temp before baths 61. what would you advise for a patient who complains of psychological problems --Correct Answer- depression, brain fogginess 62. what are the four key elements affected in CKD-MBD: Ca2+ Phosphorus Calcitrol Parathyroid 63. what are symptoms of CKD-MBD in addition to bone disease --Correct Answer-soft tissue classification 64. what is your role in CKD-MBD in addition to bone disease --Correct Answer-soft tissue calcification