CITP Test 5; The Last One!
What are the effects of an explosion? - CORRECT ANSWER-Thermal Effect
Blast Pressure Effect
Fragmentation Effect
T/F: Thermal effecs are generally the most damaging of the three primary effects? -
CORRECT ANSWER-False; Fragmentation is usually the most damaging.
What is important to know about thermal effect high explosives? - CORRECT
ANSWER-They produce higher temperature thermal effects but for a shorter
duration.
What is important to know about thermal effect low explosives? - CORRECT
ANSWER-They produce lower temperature thermal effects but for a longer duration.
What is the blast pressure effect? - CORRECT ANSWER-When very hot gases are
formed in approximately 1/10,000 of a second expand out from the point of
detonation at supersonic velocities, up to 20,000 mph.
What are the two distinct phases of the blast pressure effect? - CORRECT
ANSWER-The Positive Phase and Negative Phase.
T/F: The negative phase is typically three times longer than the positive phase but
less intense. - CORRECT ANSWER-True.
The four types of injuries sustained during a blast are: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Primary Blast Injury: Direct effects of blast upon the body
Secondary Blast Injury: Propelled fragmentation
Tertiary Blast Injury: Casualty's body is propelled against a stationary object
Qauternary Blast Injury: Being crushed or burns.
___________ blast injury is the most common cause of death in explosions. -
CORRECT ANSWER-Secondary Blast Injury (Fragmentation)
IED's may have precut/preformed objects (ie ball bearings, hexagonal nuts, nails,
etc) placed within or along the device to serve what purpose? - CORRECT
ANSWER-To form fragmentation when the IED detonates.
What is primary fragmentation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Fragments produced by the
IED or explosive container.
, What is secondary fragmentation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Object propelled from
around the detonation point, and fractured pieces of the intended target that become
lethal missiles.
IED's generally consist of what four components? - CORRECT ANSWER-Power
source
Initiator
Explosive
Switch
(PIES)
Also may be a fifth - the container.
Examples of power source for an IED? - CORRECT ANSWER-Batteries (electric)
Coiled Spring(mechanical)
Flame(Heat).
Examples of initiators for an IED? - CORRECT ANSWER-Blasting Caps
Spark Plug
Photographic Flash Bulb
Automobile Light Bulb
Trick Birthday Candles
Matches
Examples of explosives for an IED? - CORRECT ANSWER-Black Powder
Pyrodex
Smokeless Powder
Maglite
High explosives are subdivided into three explosive classes, differentiated by
sensitivity, what are they? - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary, Secondary, Tertiary or
Blasting Agents.
Primary explosives are extremely sensitive to what? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Mechanical shock, friction and heat.
Secondary explosives (also called base explosives) are
______________________________________________________ to prevent
unintended explosions. - CORRECT ANSWER-relatively insensitive to heat, shock
and friction
T/F: Tertiary explosives are insensitive to shock and they cannot be reliably
detonated with practical quantities of primary explosive and require a secondary
explosive. - CORRECT ANSWER-True
What are the effects of an explosion? - CORRECT ANSWER-Thermal Effect
Blast Pressure Effect
Fragmentation Effect
T/F: Thermal effecs are generally the most damaging of the three primary effects? -
CORRECT ANSWER-False; Fragmentation is usually the most damaging.
What is important to know about thermal effect high explosives? - CORRECT
ANSWER-They produce higher temperature thermal effects but for a shorter
duration.
What is important to know about thermal effect low explosives? - CORRECT
ANSWER-They produce lower temperature thermal effects but for a longer duration.
What is the blast pressure effect? - CORRECT ANSWER-When very hot gases are
formed in approximately 1/10,000 of a second expand out from the point of
detonation at supersonic velocities, up to 20,000 mph.
What are the two distinct phases of the blast pressure effect? - CORRECT
ANSWER-The Positive Phase and Negative Phase.
T/F: The negative phase is typically three times longer than the positive phase but
less intense. - CORRECT ANSWER-True.
The four types of injuries sustained during a blast are: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Primary Blast Injury: Direct effects of blast upon the body
Secondary Blast Injury: Propelled fragmentation
Tertiary Blast Injury: Casualty's body is propelled against a stationary object
Qauternary Blast Injury: Being crushed or burns.
___________ blast injury is the most common cause of death in explosions. -
CORRECT ANSWER-Secondary Blast Injury (Fragmentation)
IED's may have precut/preformed objects (ie ball bearings, hexagonal nuts, nails,
etc) placed within or along the device to serve what purpose? - CORRECT
ANSWER-To form fragmentation when the IED detonates.
What is primary fragmentation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Fragments produced by the
IED or explosive container.
, What is secondary fragmentation? - CORRECT ANSWER-Object propelled from
around the detonation point, and fractured pieces of the intended target that become
lethal missiles.
IED's generally consist of what four components? - CORRECT ANSWER-Power
source
Initiator
Explosive
Switch
(PIES)
Also may be a fifth - the container.
Examples of power source for an IED? - CORRECT ANSWER-Batteries (electric)
Coiled Spring(mechanical)
Flame(Heat).
Examples of initiators for an IED? - CORRECT ANSWER-Blasting Caps
Spark Plug
Photographic Flash Bulb
Automobile Light Bulb
Trick Birthday Candles
Matches
Examples of explosives for an IED? - CORRECT ANSWER-Black Powder
Pyrodex
Smokeless Powder
Maglite
High explosives are subdivided into three explosive classes, differentiated by
sensitivity, what are they? - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary, Secondary, Tertiary or
Blasting Agents.
Primary explosives are extremely sensitive to what? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Mechanical shock, friction and heat.
Secondary explosives (also called base explosives) are
______________________________________________________ to prevent
unintended explosions. - CORRECT ANSWER-relatively insensitive to heat, shock
and friction
T/F: Tertiary explosives are insensitive to shock and they cannot be reliably
detonated with practical quantities of primary explosive and require a secondary
explosive. - CORRECT ANSWER-True
